Biology

Biological Reproduction

762 Questions

Biological reproduction encompasses processes like asexual and sexual reproduction, alternation of generations, and specific mechanisms in plants and fungi. This topic is fundamental for biology paper preparation in various competitive exams. Practice these questions to solidify your understanding.

Asexual reproduction structuresPlant and fungi life cyclesCloning and fertilizationReproductive terminology

Biological Reproduction Questions

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Process of sexual reproduction which involves meiosis and syngamy is

  1. Apomixis

  2. Amphimixis

  3. Agamospermy

  4. Diplospory
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The process of fusion between haploid male nucleus and egg nucleus is known as amphimixis. It is also known as syngamy. The process is known as fertilization which leads to formation of a diploid zygote. It leads to the recombination of character which causes variation. It is a mode of sexual reproduction. The haploid gametes are formed by meiosis.
Apomixis is a mode of asexual reproduction. The development of plants takes place without fusion of gametes. The embryo develops without the fertilization of seeds. It is a powerful tool which fixes heterosis. The developed seeds are clones of plant. The ovule undergoes meiosis and forms aposporous initial cells which forms meiosis. It involves only meiosis not syngamy. 
Agamospermy is asexual reproduction in which seeds are produced from unfertilized ovules. The removal of the anthers of a flower in order to prevent self-pollination is known as emasculation. 
In diplospory, the megagametophyte arises from a cell of the archesporium.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

In chlorophyceae, sexual reproduction occurs by

  1. Isogamy and anisogamy

  2. Isogamy, anisogamy and oogamy

  3. Oogamy only

  4. Anisogamy and oogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chlorophyceae is a class of algae that is also known as green algae commonly. Different members of this class reproduce differently.

They reproduce by fusion of similar gametes ( isogamy ), the fusion of dissimilar gametes ( anisogamy ) as well as the fusion between a small non-motile and a large non-motile gamete (Oogamy).
So, the correct answer is 'Isogamy, anisogamy, and oogamy'.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

The common mode of sexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas is

  1. Isogamous

  2. Anisogamous

  3. Oogamous

  4. Hologamous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chlamydomonas reproduces both asexually and sexually. 

Asexual reproduction takes place by zoospores while sexual reproduction can be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous. 
Though, commonly fusion takes place between similar gametes hence reproduction takes place by isogamy.
So, the correct option is 'Isogamous'.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Oogamous sexual reproduction involves fusion of

  1. Motile and non-motile gametes

  2. Similar gametes

  3. Dissimilar motile gametes

  4. Dissimilar non-motile gametes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Oogamous reproduction involves fusion of one motile male gamete and another non-motile large sized female gametes. 

Fusion of similar gametes is known as isogamous reproduction. Fusion of dissimilar motile or non-motile gametes is known as anisogamous reproduction.
So, the correct option is 'Motile and non-motile gametes'.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

The phenomenon of endogamy is reported in

  1. Fasciola

  2. Earthworm

  3. Marchantia

  4. Rabbit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fasciola is a genus of trematodes. It is commonly known as liver fluke. It shows the phenomena of endogamy where the two fusing gametes are derived from the same parent which means the gametes are uniparental. These are hermaphrodite and has both male and female reproductive organs. The male and female reproductive organs open up into the same chamber within the body, which is called the genital atrium where the two gametes fuses.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Union between a large non-motile female gamete and a small motile male gamete is called ____________.

  1. Anisogamy

  2. Isogamy

  3. Oogamy

  4. Zoogamy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Anisogamy refers to the fusion of two gametes that differ in size, typically a large non-motile egg and a small motile sperm. Oogamy is a specific type of anisogamy, but anisogamy is the broader, standard term for this size difference.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

A sexual reproduction by fragmentation takes place in-

  1. Amoeba

  2. Yeast

  3. Spirogyra

  4. Moss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Spirogyra is a filamentous green alga that reproduces vegetatively through fragmentation, where the filament breaks into smaller pieces that grow into new individuals. Amoeba and Yeast primarily reproduce by fission and budding, respectively.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Fusion between a larger non-motile (static) female gamete and smaller motile male gamete is

  1. Isogamous

  2. Oogamous

  3. Anisogamous

  4. Homogamous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Isogamy is the fusion of gametes that are similar in similar sizes. Anisogamy involves fusion of gametes that are dissimilar in sizes where both gametes are either motile or immobile.

In oogamy, female gamete is static while male gamete is small and motile.
So, the correct option is 'Oogamous'.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

In oogamous reproduction,

  1. Both male and female gametes are motile

  2. Both gametes are product of division of protoplast

  3. Both male and female gametes are non-motile

  4. For male gametes protoplast divides but for female gamete it does not
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Oogamy is a system of sexual reproduction in which one gamete (called the egg) is large and nonmotile, while the other (called the sperm) is small and motile. Oogamy is a type of Anisogamy.
  • During Spermatogenesis, the protoplast of spermatogonium is equally divided into 4 spermatids while during oogenesis, ovum retains the bulk of protoplast and is minimally shared by Polar bodies.
So, the correct option is 'For male gametes protoplast divides but for female gamete it does not'.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds introduction to reproduction

Asexual reproduction is related to

  1. Amphimixis

  2. Agamospermy

  3. Vegetative propagation

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
There are two modes of reproduction in plants: Sexual reproduction and Asexual reproduction. 
In sexual reproduction, there is the fusion of gametes of two different parents (called as syngamy) whereas, in sexual reproduction, offspring is formed from a single parent without the formation of gametes. Amphimixis is a kind of sexual reproduction which involves the meiosis and syngamy. A special type of asexual reproduction is there which is known as Apomixis in which there is seed formation without the fusion of gametes. Apomixis is further divided into two categories: Vegetative propagation and agamospermy. In vegetative propagation, any part of the plant may develop into a new plant. In agamospermy, plant propagation occurs by means of apomictic seeds or asexual seeds. 
Therefore, both vegetative propagation and agamospermy are types of asexual reproduction.
So, the correct answer is D.
Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Ctenophores exhibits

  1. Bioluminescence

  2. Metagenesis

  3. Parthenogenesis

  4. Metamerism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ctenophores, also called the comb-jellies, exhibit bioluminescence. The enzyme called photoprotein is present in them in which luciferin is combined with oxygen. When the calcium changes the shape of the ptotoprotein, light is given off.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Bioluminescence'  

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Cycas is

  1. Monoecious

  2. Bisexual

  3. Dioecious

  4. Hermaphrodite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cycas is dioecious in nature since it produces micro and megaspores in the micro and megasporangia. The micro and megasporangia are born on microsporophyll and megasporophyll respectively.