Biology

Biological Reproduction

806 Questions

Biological reproduction encompasses processes like asexual and sexual reproduction, alternation of generations, and specific mechanisms in plants and fungi. This topic is fundamental for biology paper preparation in various competitive exams. Practice these questions to solidify your understanding.

Asexual reproduction structuresPlant and fungi life cyclesCloning and fertilizationReproductive terminology

Biological Reproduction Questions

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Choose the correct statements from the options below with regard to sexual reproduction.
(i) Sexual reproduction does not always require two individuals.
(ii) Sexual reproduction generally involves gametic fusion.
(iii) Meiosis never occurs during sexual reproduction.
(iv) External fertilization is a rule during sexual reproduction.

  1. (i) and (iv)

  2. (i) and (ii)

  3. (ii) and (iii)

  4. (ii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(i) sexual reproduction does not require two individuals because the fusion of two gametes released from the same plant can take place.

(ii) sexual reproduction is a process where gametic fusion is present because takes place between two gametes of different sexes 
(iii) meiosis occurs during sexual reproduction when the plant body is haploid or the gametes are diploid to produce the normal body.
(iv) external fertilization need not takes place in sexual reproduction. it can also be internal. eg: humans.
So, the correct option is '(i) and (ii)'.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Panmictic plant multiplies

  1. Sexually

  2. Asexually

  3. Parthenogenetically

  4. By stolons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The panmictic plant is a plant which has immense potential to breed. It undergoes random meeting which has no mating restrictions, neither genetic nor behavioural. The mating takes place by sexual reproduction. Due to mating by sexual reproduction, recombination takes place and eventually, leads to genetic variation. It causes the change in the genetic pool.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which one of the following generates new genetic combinations leading to mutations

  1. Nucellar polyembryony

  2. Vegetative reproduction

  3. Parthenogenesis

  4. Sexual reproduction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Sexual reproduction is the reproduction which is caused by the fusion of gametes. The male and female gametes fuse to form the zygote. 
  • Due to the fusion of gametes the product of sexual reproduction generally generates new genetic combinations leading to variations. 
  • The organism develops from the zygote which has characters of both the parents. 
  • The genome of the offspring is formed by the recombination of genetic material so they are also known as recombinants. The recombination may cause the sudden heritable change in the gene pool which causes mutations.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which of the following patterns of reproduction involves both the parents?

  1. Sexual reproduction

  2. Asexual reproduction

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sexual reproduction is a biological process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms, by the fusion of one gamete from each. Motile male gamete generally fertilizes with nonmotile female gamete in this process.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which of the following patterns of reproduction involves the exchange of genetic material?

  1. Sexual reproduction

  2. Asexual reproduction

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sexual reproduction is a form of reproduction where the two reproductive gametes obtained from both the parents fuse together, to form a zygote. The gametes involve a large ovum (or egg) obtained from female and a male's smaller sperm. Each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes of normal cells.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Reproduction in man is____________

  1. Asexual

  2. Sexual

  3. Vegetative

  4. Parthenogenetic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Reproduction in man is only sexual. After insemination, there is a fusion of sperm and ovum in the oviduct. This process is called fertilization. After fertilization, implantation takes place in the uterus and the development and the growth of the fetus occurs there.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which of the following is asexual method of reproduction?

  1. Division

  2. Budding

  3. Spore formation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The type of reproduction in which no gametes are involved and the new organisms emerge from a single parent only is called asexual reproduction. There is no fusion of gametes in asexual reproduction and the chromosome number also remains constant. Various types of asexual reproduction include division, budding, spore formation, etc.

So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

The process in which embryo develops from unfertilized oosphere is called as

  1. Parthenogenesis

  2. Apospory

  3. Apogamy

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Apospory is the development of gametophyte without meiosis forming haploid spores. 

Apogamy is the development of sporophyte without the usual syngamy of gametes. The apogamic sporophyte will be haploid sporophyte as against normal diploid sporophyte. 
Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo without fertilisation from an unfertilized egg.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Most of the unicellular organisms show

  1. Sexual reproduction

  2. Asexual reproduction

  3. Vegetative reproduction

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sexual reproduction is a characteristic of most of the higher life forms. Sexual reproduction characteristically involves reduction division or meiosis to form haploid cells and syngamy or fertilisation to form a zygote. Asexual reproduction is a means of reproduction without involving meiosis or fertilization. Most of the unicellular organisms show asexual reproduction. Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction. The term vegetative reproduction is used in the context of plants only. Plants propagate rapidly through vegetative propagation. For example, suckers, rhizomes, runners etc.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

In sexual mode of reproduction ................. diversities are generated.

  1. Lesser

  2. Greater

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Sexual reproduction is the fusion of gametes containing genetic material of two individual. This process produces genetically diverse offspring that differ from their parents. The fact that most eukaryotes reproduce sexually is evidence of its evolutionary success. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Chances of inheritable and evolutionary changes are more in such species which reproduce by 

  1. Parthenogenesis

  2. Fission

  3. Sexual reproduction

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Sexual reproduction involves the formation and fusion of gametes.
  • This requires formation of gametes with meiosis in diploid organisms or meiosis taking place in zygote if the organism is haploid. 
  • Due to meiosis, only 50% of the genetic material is passed to the next generation and fusion of gametes results in a unique combination of the genome. 
  • While asexual reproduction results in offsprings with exact genetic material as their parent reducing chances of variations.
So, the correct option is 'Sexual reproduction'.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

How are the modes of reproduction different in unicellular and multicellular organisms?

  1. Unicellular organisms reproduce mainly by asexual method, multicellular organisms reproduce by sexual and asexual methods.

  2. Unicellular organisms reproduce mainly by sexual method, multicellular organisms reproduce mainly by asexual methods.

  3. Unicellular organisms reproduce mainly by propagation, multicellular organisms reproduce mainly by asexual methods.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Unicellular organisms generally divide by asexual reproduction which involves budding, binary fission, multiple fission, fragmentation, spore formation.
  • Multicellular organisms can divide by sexual as well as asexual methods. For example, vegetative propagation in all plants is a means of asexual reproduction while all higher animals reproduce sexually.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which of the following patterns of reproduction is the major cause of variation?

  1. Sexual reproduction

  2. Asexual reproduction

  3. Both of these

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Sexual reproduction is a biological process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms in a process that starts with meiosis. Hence, it is the cause of variation.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Which of the following processes involves fertilization?

  1. Asexual reproduction

  2. Metamorphosis

  3. Sexual reproduction

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fertilization is a process of fusion of gametes to produce new individual, which is generally the form of sexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction by which single parent produces new individuals without fertilization. And so in asexual reproduction, fertilization essentially is not required.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology plant reproduction different modes of reproduction sexual and asexual reproduction lifespan, reproduction and variation

Reproduction is needed ________________

  1. To produce offsprings

  2. To ensure the continuation of similar kinds of individuals

  3. For metabolism

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Reproduction is the biological process of the production of new individual organisms or 'offsprings' from their parents. 
  • It is essential for an organism to ensure its species to survive to the next generation.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.