Biology

Biological Reproduction

762 Questions

Biological reproduction encompasses processes like asexual and sexual reproduction, alternation of generations, and specific mechanisms in plants and fungi. This topic is fundamental for biology paper preparation in various competitive exams. Practice these questions to solidify your understanding.

Asexual reproduction structuresPlant and fungi life cyclesCloning and fertilizationReproductive terminology

Biological Reproduction Questions

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Formation of fruit without fertilization is called parthenogenesis.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenocarpy (literally meaning "virgin fruit") is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules, which makes the fruit seedless. Pathogenesis is the reproduction from an ovum without fertilization, especially as a normal process in some invertebrates and lower plants.

So, the correct option is, 'False'.

Multiple choice zoology reproduction in organisms parthenocarpic fruits parthenogenesis the life cycle of plants

Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?

  1. An individual may change its sex during its lifetime

  2. Specialized groups of cells may be released and grow into new individuals

  3. An egg develops without being fertilized

  4. Both members of a mating pair have male and female reproductive organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenogenesis, a reproductive strategy that involves the development of a female gamete (sex cell) without fertilization. An egg produced parthenogenetically may be either haploid (i.e., with one set of dissimilar chromosomes) or diploid (i.e., with a paired set of chromosomes). Parthenogenesis has received considerable attention as a tool for the production of stem cells. The possibility of deriving stem cells from parthenogenetic embryos could eliminate the requirement to produce and destroy viable embryos and may reduce the ethical concerns surrounding stem cell research. 

So the correct option is 'an egg develops without being fertilized'.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Lifecycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 

  1. haplontic type

  2. diplontic type

  3. haplo diplobiontic type

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
This type of life cycle is represented by haploid and diploid phases, of more or less equal duration, found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The haploid cells of opposite mating type normally multiply by budding. Two such cells of opposite mating behave as gametangia and undergo fusion initially only plasmogamy takes place, wherein the nuclei exist separately also called the dikaryotic phase. Later on the nuclei undergo fusion in specialized sac like structures called the ascus to form a diploid zygote, which undergoes meiosis to release the haploid ascospores.
So, the correct answer is 'haplodiplobiontic type'
Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Binary fission in Amoeba involves ____________.

  1. Amitosis

  2. Mitosis

  3. Meiosis

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The reproduction in amoeba is asexual, called binary fission, where it replicated its cells by mitosis and its cell divide in two equal daughter cells. Amitosis is similar to binary fission. Meiosis does not take place in amoeba.

The correct answer is B. 

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

How many young Amoebae hatch out from a cyst of E. histolytica?

  1. One

  2. Two

  3. Four

  4. Six
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan protist. It is pathogenic in nature. The type of nutrition present in Entamoeba is parasitic. The parasite is generally with one pseudopodium. The contractile vacuole is absent as there is no need of osmoregulation. It feeds on red blood corpuscles by damaging the wall of the large intestine and reaching the blood capillaries. It produces ulcers. It resides in the upper part of the human large intestine and causes the disease known as amoebic dysentery or amoebiasis. Entamoeba histolytica is transmitted through food or water contaminated with cysts. A mature cyst is called quadri-nucleate cyst. It has four nuclei and two chromatid bodies. Quadrinucleate cyst is the infective stage. Only one young Amoeba with four nuclei hatches out from a cyst of Entamoeba histolytica. However, single cyst of Entamoeba histolytica produces eight Amoebae.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Cell division is a type of reproduction in 

  1. Unicellular organisms

  2. Multicellular organisms

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cell division is the process in which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. The unicellular organism divides and results in the formation of daughter cells and hence, cell division is a type of reproduction in unicellular organisms. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Which of the following organisms do not depend on reproduction to exchange genetic information?

  1. Animals

  2. Plants

  3. Bacteria

  4. Fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bacteria have three mechanism for genetic information transfer without undergoing reproduction-
1. Transformation- take up free fragment of DNA floating in medium. 
2. Transduction- transfer of DNA by a virus bacteriophage.
3. Conjugation- direct cell to cell transfer of DNA mediated by plasmid. So, option C is correct, all other options depend on reproduction for exchange of genetic material.

Multiple choice biology micro - organisms: a wonderful world diseases caused by protozoa protozoan disease protozoa: benefits and harmful effects

A Paramoecium reproduces by 

  1. Budding

  2. Laying eggs

  3. Preparing spores

  4. Cell division
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In Paramoecium, reproduction takes place by binary fission method. At first, micronucleus divides into 2 nuclei by mitosis. The cytopharynx also divides into 2 parts. The cytoplasm is also divided into 2 parts. Then transverse constriction is made from two sides. New contractile vacuoles are formed. The constriction meet at centre and two daughter paramecia reproduced. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology morphology of leaf structure of a leaf the leaf

Which one of the following statement is correct?

  1. Offspring produced by the asexual reproduction are called clone

  2. Microscopic, motile asexual reproductive structures are called zoospores

  3. In potato, banana and ginger, the plantlets arise from the internodes present in the modified stem

  4. Water hyacinth growing in the standing water drains oxygen from water that leads to the death of fishes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Potato, banana, ginger grow from the axillary buds of nodes. Axiallary bud develops from the axillary part of leaf.  These buds can expand to form shoots which grow on to make a whole plant or fruits.

So, the correct option is 'In potato, banana and ginger, the plantlets arise from the internodes present in the modified stem'.

Multiple choice botany living world and classification of microbes archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Which of the following mode of reproduction can be seen in archae bacteria?

  1. Sexual reproduction

  2. Asexual reproduction

  3. Horizontal gene transfer

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The archaebacteria are the primitive, single-celled, prokaryotic organisms. These bacteria can reproduce through asexual reproduction. The modes of reproduction include binary fission and fragmentation. The cell divides to form two daughter cells through binary fission. The fragments which are produced have the capability to develop into new organisms. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

When Acetabularia is in uninucleate condition, then it is in _______________.

  1. Vegetative phase

  2. Reproductive phase

  3. Cyst formation stage

  4. Gamete formation stage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Acetabularia is a unicellular green alga. The uninucleate stage represents its vegetative growth phase before it undergoes reproductive processes.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Which one of the following organisms reproduces by asexual method?

  1. Cow

  2. Cat

  3. Sugarcane

  4. Pea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cows, cat undergoes sexual reproduction. Peas also undergo sexual reproduction.
Sugarcane are propagated vegetatively, which is an asexual means of reproduction. The propagation of sugarcane is by cutting.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Sugar cane'