Biology

Biological Reproduction

806 Questions

Biological reproduction encompasses processes like asexual and sexual reproduction, alternation of generations, and specific mechanisms in plants and fungi. This topic is fundamental for biology paper preparation in various competitive exams. Practice these questions to solidify your understanding.

Asexual reproduction structuresPlant and fungi life cyclesCloning and fertilizationReproductive terminology

Biological Reproduction Questions

Multiple choice biology reproduction in animals story of dolly, the clone sheep story of dolly, the clone process of cloning

The following are the events in the formation of the first cloned animal the sheep Dolly.
a) Removal of haploid nucleus from the ovum.
b) Implantation of ovum with diploid nucleus into the surrogate mother.
c) Collection of udder cell from the sheep.
d) Injection of diploid nucleus of udder cell into the enucleated ovum.
e) Development of a young clone.The correct sequential order of these events is ________

  1. abcde

  2. cabed

  3. cadbe

  4. edcba
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct steps for cloning Dolly are: first collect udder cells (c), remove the nucleus from the ovum (a), inject the diploid udder cell nucleus into the enucleated ovum (d), implant the resulting ovum into a surrogate mother (b), and finally the clone develops (e). This matches the sequence c-a-d-b-e.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds

Select the mismatched pair of organism and its mode of multiplication.

  1. Organism - Agave, Oxalis; Mode of multiplication - Bulbils

  2. Organism - Amoeba, Paramecium; Mode of multiplication - Binary fission

  3. Organism - Chlamydomonas, Ulothrix; Mode of multiplication - Sporangiospores

  4. Organism - Adiantum ; Mode of multiplication - Adventitious buds present at leaf tips
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sporangiospores are non-motile spores produced inside the sporangia. They are generally dispersed by wind and germinate to produce new mycelium (e.g., Rhizopus, Mucor, etc.) In Chlamydomonas and Ulothrix, zoospores are formed.

So, the correct answer is 'Organism - Chlamydomonas, Ulothrix; Mode of multiplication - Sporangiospores'.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds

Clone is

  1. Descendants of a single parent

  2. Vegetatively produced descendants of a single parent

  3. Sexually produced descendants of a single couple

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A clone is considered as the vegetatively produced descendants of a single parent because of following reason: 

1) Fusion of gametes does not takes place in vegetative propagation so there is no chance of recombination and variation.
2) The parent cell divides to form daughter cell by mitosis due to which the offspring is genetically identical to the parent.
3) The offspring produced are clones of their parent and have same number of chromosomes.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds

Which of the following are the characteristics

of vegetative reproduction?

X Involves two individuals

Y Daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent

Z The cell divisions are only mitotic

  1. X and Y only

  2. X and Z only

  3. Y and Z only

  4. X, Y and Z
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Vegetative reproduction is a type of reproduction in which a single parent is involved. In this there is no formation or fusion of gametes. 
In cloning method of  vegetative reproduction the offspring produced are genetically identical to the parent cell. They are exact copies of the parent and thus are called clones.
Mitosis is a process in which a cell divides into two daughter cells. In this there is distribution of the cytoplasm and genetic material equally into both cells. This is a method of vegetative reproduction in some lower organisms.
Thus the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Basidiospores, Ascospores, Germspores, Meiospores are products of ______ whereas sporangiospores, conidiospore, zoospores are products of _____

  1. Meiosis and Meiosis

  2. Mitosis and Meiosis

  3. Mitosis and Mitosis

  4. Meiosis and Mitosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
 Mitosis Meiosis 
It is a process where a single cell divided into two identical cells. It is an equational division (i.e no. of chromosomes remains same)  It is a process where a single cell twice to produces four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. It is a reductional division (i.e.no. of chromosomes reduces to half ).
 It mainly takes place in somatic cells  It takes place in germinal cells or spore mother cells.
 Sporangiospores, conidiospores, zoospores  Basidiospores, Ascospores, Germspores, Meiospores

So, the correct answer is 'Meiosis and Mitosis'.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Zoospores are

  1. motile spores seen in bryophytes

  2. motile sexual spores

  3. motile asexual spores in fungi

  4. motile asexual spores in algae and fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves.
So the correct answer is "motile asexual spores in algae and fungi".
Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Meiosis takes place in Chlamydomonas in?

  1. Zygospore

  2. Zoospore

  3. Hypnospores

  4. Aplanospore
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A.zygospore – it is the product of fertilization. It is a diploid structure in the life cycle of Chlamydomonas. It undergoes meiosis and form into a new Chlamydomonas cells.

B.Zoospore – Flagellated, motile structures formed during asexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas is called Zoospore. It is haploid, formed by mitosis.

C.Hyponospore – Thick walled resting spore formed during unfavourable conditions is called Hypnospore.

D.Aplanospore – Aflagellated, non motile spores formed during asexual reproduction is called aplanospore.

So, the correct option is ‘zygospore’.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Non - motile, greatly thickened, asexual spore in chlamydomonas is:

  1. Carpospores

  2. Aplanospores

  3. Akinetes

  4. Hypnospores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Thick-walled non-motile spores formed to tide over unfavorable condition is called  Hypnospores. They germinate on the arrival of favorable conditions. e.g., Chlamydomonas, Ulothrix.

So the correct option is 'Hypnospores'.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

The motile reproductive structures of algae and fungi, which directly give rise to new individuals are called

  1. Zygospores

  2. Zoospores

  3. Cysts

  4. Conidia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The motile reproductive structures of algae and fungi, which directly give rise to new individuals are called zoospores. It is a asexual motile spore. It uses flagella for locomotion. The zoospores are liberated either by the disintegration of the zoosporangial wall or by the formation of an apical pore on the zoosporangium. After liberation the zoospores swim for a while, then with­draw their flagella, encyst and ulti­mately germinate into new plants.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

In Chlamydomonas, zoospores are

  1. Laterally flagellated

  2. Pyramid shaped

  3. Exogenously originated

  4. Non- motile asexual spores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Zoospores of Chlamydomonas are spores that are formed under the unfavorable condition and exhibit asexual reproduction and are able to form a new plant. They use lateral flagella for locomotion.

So the correct option is 'Laterally flagellated'.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Asexual reproduction in fungi takes place by

  1. endospore

  2. gametangia

  3. exospores

  4. conidiospore
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Asexual reproduction in fungi takes place by conidia, zoospore, sporangiospores, chlamydospore and oidia.

In some fungi, the spores are not formed inside a sporangium. They are born free on the tips of special branches called conidiophores. This spores thus formed are called conidiophore for example in Penicillium.

So, the correct option is 'conidiospore'.

Multiple choice microsporophyll vs megasporophyll plant kingdom biology

Karyogamy is?

  1. Fusion of two germ cells

  2. Fusion of two gametic nuclei

  3. Fusion of a somatic cell and a reproductive cell

  4. Fusion of two somatic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Karyogamy is the final step that is conducting the process of fusing two haploid eukaryotic cells together. It then refers specifically to the fusion of the two nuclei. For its occurrence, the cell membrane and cytoplasm of each cell must fuse by the process termed as plasmogamy. It is a common feature of all diploid organisms undergoing sexual reproduction.

Therefore the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Which of the following terms are defined correctly?

Term Definition
i Heredity The passing on of characteristic from parents to their young.
ii Life cycle The different stages of development of a living thing from a fertilised egg to an adult that can reproduce and die eventually. 
iii Reproduction  The fusion of a sperm and an egg.

  1. i and ii only

  2. i and iii only

  3. ii and iii

  4. i ii and iii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The passing on of traits from the parents to their offsprings by reproduction (asexual or sexual) is called heredity.
  • The life cycle of an organism can be defined as a sequence of life stages or events an organism undergoes from birth to reproduction.
  • Reproduction is the process by which new organisms or offspring are produced by their parents
  • The fusion of male and female gamete is called fertilization.
  • So, the correct answer is 'i and ii only'.
Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Heredity is seen in ______

  1. Sexual reproduction

  2. Asexual reproduction

  3. Vegetative propagation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Transfer of genetic makeup from one generation to another is called heredity. Genes are found on Chormation fibre i.e DNA. All living being have tendency to transfer DNA during sexual or asexual reproductions.