Tag: commercial applications of biotechnology

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Multiple choice biology classification and variation dna - history and structure biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Which of the following substances are produced by the body cells to protect uninfected cells from viral invasion ?

  1. Histamine

  2. Complement

  3. Natural killer cells

  4. Interferons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses. Interferons are a group of proteins called cytokines produced by white blood cells, fibroblasts, or T-cells as part of an immune response to a viral infection or other immune trigger. The name of the proteins comes from their ability to interfere with the production of new virus particles.


So, the correct option is 'Option D'.

Multiple choice biology classification and variation dna - history and structure biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Interferons are produced in response to antigens

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Interferon was named for its ability to interfere with viral proliferation. The various forms of interferon are the body’s most rapidly produced and important defense against viruses. Interferons can also combat bacterial and parasitic infections, inhibit cell division, and promote or impede the differentiation of cells. They are produced by all vertebrate animals and possibly by some invertebrates as well.

Interferons are categorized as cytokines, small proteins that are involved in intercellular signaling. Interferon is secreted by cells in response to stimulation by a virus or other foreign substance, but it does not directly inhibit the virus’s multiplication. Rather, it stimulates the infected cells and those nearby to produce proteins that prevent the virus from replicating within them.

So, the correct option is 'False'.

Multiple choice biology classification and variation dna - history and structure biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Read the following statements and select the option which identify the incorrect ones:
(i) Potato spindle tuber disease and Chrysanthemum stunt disease are caused by viroids.
(ii) $T _4$ bacteriophage exhibits lytic cycle.
(iii) Retroviruses have two copies of ssRNA.
(iv) Interferon which prevent viral multiplication are glycolipid particles.

  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (i) and (iv)

  3. (iii) only

  4. (iv) only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Interferons are a group of proteins called cytokines produced by WBC, fibroblasts, or T-cells as part of an immune response to a viral infection or other immune triggers. Interferons are proteinaceous in nature but not glycolipid in nature, thus interferon which prevents viral multiplication are protein particles.

So, the correct option is 'Interferon which prevents viral multiplication are glycolipid particles.'.

Multiple choice biology classification and variation dna - history and structure biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Against which of the following does interferon act?

  1. Bacteria

  2. Virus

  3. Snake venom

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Interferons are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, or tumour cells. They are a group of glycoproteins, produced by the immune system, that prevent viral replication in infected cells.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A and B.

Multiple choice botany biotechnology: general introduction microbiology: organisms in industry biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Biotechnology is used in which fields?

  1. Agriculture

  2. Automobile

  3. Medicine

  4. Both A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food production, and medicine. 

Multiple choice botany biotechnology: general introduction microbiology: organisms in industry biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Biotechnology is use of 

  1. Industries

  2. Organisms

  3. Plants

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology is the use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life. The earliest biotechnologists were farmers who developed improved species of plants and animals by cross pollination or cross breeding. 

Multiple choice botany biotechnology: general introduction microbiology: organisms in industry biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

What are GMOs?

  1. Genetically modified organisms

  2. Gross modified organisms

  3. Genetically multiplied organisms

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Plants, animals or micro organisms that have changed through genetic engineering are termed genetically modified organisms or GMOs. Bacteria were the first organisms to be genetically modified. 
Multiple choice botany biotechnology: general introduction microbiology: organisms in industry biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Which of the following is not an antibiotic?

  1. Griseofulvin

  2. Cephalosporin

  3. Citric acid

  4. Streptomycin

  5. Both (A) and (C)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Citric acid is a weak organic acid with the formula -CHO. It is a natural preservative or conservative which occurs naturally in citrus fruits and is also used to add an acidic or sour taste to foods and drinks. Griseofulvin is an orally administered antifungal drug. It is used both in animals and humans, to treat fungal infections of the skin and nails. Whereas cephalosporins are a group of broad spectrum, semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics derived from the mould Cephalosporium. Streptomycin is an antibiotic (antimycobacterial) drug, the first of a class of drugs called as aminoglycosides to be discovered,

Multiple choice botany biotechnology: general introduction microbiology: organisms in industry biotechnology commercial applications of biotechnology

Recombinant DNA technology is also called

  1. Biotechnology

  2. Modern biotechnology

  3. Genetic engineering

  4. Transgenic technology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct option is C

The rDNA technology is the formation of DNA molecules formed by the laboratory method of genetic recombination to bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating a sequence that would not otherwise be found in the genome.