Tag: genetics of the future

Questions Related to genetics of the future

Hargobind Khorana contributed to genetic engineering by synthesising 

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Viroid

  2. pBR 322

  3. pBR42

  4. Artificial gene

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Correct Option: D

Which is the first biochemical to be produced commercially by microbial cloning and genetic engineering ?

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Human insulin

  2. Penicillin

  3. Interferons

  4. Fertility factors

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Synthetic human insulin was the first biochemical product which is produced commercially by recombinant DNA technology. Before that insulin was extracted from the pig which mimics like human insulin. Currently, millions of diabetics worldwide use synthetic insulin to regulate their blood sugar levels. Synthetic insulin is made in both bacteria and yeast.

Scaling up in biotechnology means.

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Development of a process in laboratory

  2. Development of a laboratory scale plant for obtaining a product

  3. Conversion of laboratory scale process to pilot plant scale

  4. Conversion of a laboratory scale plant to manufacturing unit

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Scaling up is the process of expanding a process from small scale to a larger scale. So, here scaling up is defined as the conversion of a laboratory scale plant into a manufacturing unit.

Recombinant DNA or rDNA technology was discovered by

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. KhoranaBateson and de Vries

  2. Sutton and Avery

  3. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer

  4. Watson

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Correct Option: C

The technology for production of biochips, biosensors and manipulating atoms and molecules, in order to form (build) bigger, but still microscopic, functional structures and machine is called as 

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Biotechnology

  2. Nanotechnology

  3. Biometallurgy

  4. Bio-mineralization

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Nanotechnology is the science and technology of building electronic circuits and devices from single atoms and molecules. Nanotechnology is used to describe many types of research where the characteristic dimensions are less than about 1,000 nanometers. Nanotechnology deals with the molecular make-up and organization of structures. By building materials from the nano-scale up, nanotechnology is able to project the unusual material functionality found at the nanoscale to a useful, applicable measure. Nanotechnology provides new and improved methods for making almost every manufactured products - better transportation, faster computers, energy developments and medical breakthroughs.

The science of biotechnology has contributed to field of

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Health

  2. Pharmacy

  3. Agriculture and industry

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biotechnology is the branch of science which deals with the application of biological techniques for human welfare. It involves the modification of genes by the enzymatic action which leads to the production of some biological entity like antibodies, vaccines etc which benefits the mankind by improving health. The vaccines, antibodies, hormones, etc are the pharmaceutical products which help to prevent the transmission of diseases. The plants and the organisms can be genetically modified. The modified plants are resistant to the pests and diseases. The modified organisms can be useful in the production of useful products in the industry.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

The proper definition of biotechnology is

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Use of living organisms and of substances obtained from them in industry

  2. Technology used to improve species of animals

  3. Modern technology used in biological laboratories

  4. Advanced technology used in biological warfare

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Biotechnology is the broad area of biology involving living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art. 2). Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the (related) fields of molecular biology, bio-engineering, biomedical engineering, biomanufacturing, molecular engineering, etc. For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food production, and medicine. The term is largely believed to have been coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineer Károly Ereky. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, biotechnology has expanded to include new and diverse sciences such as genomics, recombinant gene techniques, applied immunology, and development of pharmaceutical therapies and diagnostic tests. 
So the correct option is 'use of living organisms and of substances obtained from them in industry'.

Use of biotechnology for medicinal purposes including production of antibiotics and cures through genomic manipulation is called?

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Green biotechnology

  2. Blue biotechnology

  3. Red biotechnology

  4. Grey biotechnology

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Red biotechnology(Bio-pharmaceutical) is a process that utilizes organisms to improve health care and help the body to fight diseases. It is a branch of modern biotechnology which is utilized in the field of medicine. Red biotechnology is not only limited to the pharmaceutical industry but also to the medical sector as it facilitates the alleviation of human suffering and enhances the quality of life. It has become tremendous use in clinical research and trials, gene therapy and in diagnostic of the gene. Genetic engineering, production, and development of various medicines to treat different life-threatening diseases, which is a part of the benefits of red biotechnology. Some examples are the designing of organisms to produce antibiotics, and the engineering of genetic cures through genomic manipulation.

So, the correct option is 'Red biotechnology'.

Which one of them is the cloned domestic animal (Afghan hound)?

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Cat

  2. Dog

  3. Endangered polar bear

  4. Camel

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Researchers in south Korea have produced a black-and-tan puppy named Snuppy that was cloned from an adult Afghan Hound. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Modern biotechnology consists of 

commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

  1. Genetic engineering

  2. Tissue culture

  3. Microbiology

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biotechnology is the integration of natural science and organisms. Biotechnology involves pure biological sciences like animal cell culture, biochemistry, cell biology, embryology, genetics, microbiology, and molecular biology. Modern usage also includes genetic engineering as well as cell and tissue culture technologies.