Tag: introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin

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Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Recombinant DNA technology developed during

  1. 1970s

  2. 1980s

  3. 1990s

  4. 2000s
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The correct option is A
rDNA technology is the way in which genetic material from one organism is artificially introduced into the genome of another organism and then replicated and expressed by other organism. It was advanced by the collaboration of stanley cohen and Herbert Boyer in $1972$.
Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Science of engineering and technology which is applied to life sciences is

  1. Biotechnology

  2. Genetic engineering

  3. Pathology

  4. Conchology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Biotechnology is the science of engineering and technology for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc. 
  • Bioengineering is the application of the principles of engineering and natural sciences to tissues, cells and molecules. It improves the functions of plants and animals.

So, the correct answer is 'Biotechnology'.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Which is the first cloned animal?

  1. Dog

  2. Molly

  3. Dolly sheep

  4. Polly sheep
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Dolly was a female domestic sheep, and the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer. Ian Wilmut developed Dolly.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

What is true of reverse genetics

  1. Gene therapy

  2. Gene replacement

  3. Identification of gene from map position

  4. Deletion of genes and studying the effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Reverse genetics is a method that is used to help understand the function of a gene by analyzing the phenotypic effects of specific engineered gene sequences. Reverse genetics usually proceeds in the opposite direction of so-called forward genetic screens of classical genetics. The goal in reverse genetics is Identification of gene from map position.

So, the correct answer is 'Identification of gene from map position.'

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

"Gray biotechnology" is?

  1. Industrial process

  2. Medical process

  3. Agricultural process

  4. Aquatic process
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White or gray biotechnolgy involves industrial processes such as the development of new chemicals or production of new fuel for vehicles.

Correct  answer-A

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

All the following statements about Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer are correct but one is wrong. Which one is wrong?

  1. They discovered recombinant DNA ( rDNA) technology which marked the birth of modern biotechnology.

  2. They first produced a healthy sheep clone, a Finn Dorset lamb, Dolly, from the differentiated adult mammary cells.

  3. They invented genetic engineering by combining a piece of foreign DNA containing a gene from a bacterium with a bacterial (E. coli) plasmid using the enzyme restriction endonuclease.

  4. They isolated the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • The recombinant DNA technology by which DNA fragments from different organisms are joined together to produce new genetic combinations was discovered by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer. 
They used restriction endonucleases to digest a plasmid from E. coli and a foreign DNA segment and ligated them to produce a recombinant DNA.
They discovered antibiotic resistance gene from a piece of DNA that was conferring resistance to the transformed cells to grow in presence of that antibiotic.
  • Dolly, a Finn Dorset lamb, was produced by gene cloning by Ian Wilmut and his co-workers.
Hence Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer are not associated with the discovery of Finn Dorset lamb Dolly.
So, the correct answer is 'They first produced, healthy sheep clone, a Finn Dorset lamb, Dolly, from the differentiated adult mammary cells'.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Out of the following, which is not related to biotechnology?

  1. Synthesis of a gene

  2. Correction of a gene

  3. Alternation of gene

  4. Transfer of a gene from parent to off spring
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology deals with the techniques of using live microorganisms, plant or animal cells or their components or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to human beings. It includes DNA manipulation, gene manipulation, recombinant DNA technology, and Genetic Engineering. Synthesis of genes, correction of genes, alteration of genes are included in Genetic Engineering. 

Transfer of gene from parent to offspring is a normal way of heredity. All offsprings inherit some characters from their parents as a result of fertilization. 

Thus the correct option is 'Transfer of a gene from parent to off spring'.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

A genetically engineered bacteria used for clearing oil spills is

  1. Escherischia coli

  2. Bacillus subtilis

  3. Agrobacterium tumifaciens

  4. Pseudomonas putida
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pseudomonas putida is a Gram-negative, rod shaped, aerobic, chemoheterotrophic bacterium. Being chemoheterotrophic, they use organic compounds as source of their energy. This bacterium can break down any of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Most of the organic toxins are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Genetically engineered marine-dweller Pseudomonas putida use hydrocarbons as fuel and break down the ring structures of the hydrocarbons in oil spill in presence of enzymes and seawater oxygen and emit carbon dioxide. 

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

First antibiotic was discovered in the year

  1. 1928

  2. 1914

  3. 1980

  4. 1930
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotic production is major industrial application of microbes. Penicillin (the first antibiotic discovered) was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, while working on Staphylococcus bacteria, that he observed growing in one of his unwashed petri cultures. However, its full potential as effective antibiotic was established much later by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey who got the noble prize in 1945 for this discovery.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Use of microbes to manufacture certain food,drugs and chemicals etc is known as

  1. Cross pollination

  2. Biotechnology

  3. Hybridisation

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Use of microbes or the living cells in industry and technology to manufacture certain food,drugs(medicines) and chemicals etc is known as biotechnology.