Tag: introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin

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Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

____ results in change in genetic makeup of organisms.

  1. Genetic appliance

  2. Genetic diversity

  3. Genetic engineering

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Genetic engineering, also called as genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. 

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Central drug research institute is situated at

  1. Lucknow

  2. Madras

  3. Mumbai

  4. Delhi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) is one of the first laboratories established after independence in the year 1951. It is a multidisciplinary institute that works on synthesis, screening, development studies and clinical studies among others. It has developed around 12 drugs of which, Arteether (Brand name=E-mal) active against falciparum malaria and Centchroman (Brand name=Sah, a birth control contraceptive pill are developed.
Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Utilization of living organisms, systems and processes for producing materials useful to human society is known as

  1. Applied biology

  2. Technology

  3. Biotechnology

  4. Biomedical engineering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art. 2). New tools and products developed by biotechnologists are useful in research, agriculture, industry and the clinic. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Biotechnology involves manipulation of 

  1. Structure and action of molecules

  2. Genes for numerous purposes

  3. Both

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology involves manipulation of 1) structure and action of molecules and 2) genes for numerous purposes ranging from producing drugs(like insulin) from bacteria, to introduce beneficial genes in plants and animals to obtain desired chemical substances in their products.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Streptomycin was first isolated in 1944 - 45 by ......................

  1. Leeuwenhoek

  2. BurKholder

  3. Alexander Fleming

  4. Waksman
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In 1952, Selman Abraham Waksman was awarded the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine in recognition for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic active against tuberculosis

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Gray biotechnology is referred to as

  1. Medical process

  2. Industrial process

  3. Agricultural process

  4. Aquatic process
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

White (also called gray) biotechnology involves industrial processes such as the production of new chemicals or the development of new fuels for vehicles, the use of cells, natural organisms and bio-organic compounds to synthesize materials, instead of petrochemicals or substitution of enzymes for caustic reagents.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Penicillin was used in ............

  1. I$^{st}$ world war
  2. II$^{nd}$ word war
  3. Both I$^{st}$ & II$^{nd}$ world war

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin made a difference during the first half of the 20th century. Penicillin helped reduce the number of deaths and amputations of troops during World War II. According to records, there were only 400 million units of penicillin available during the first five months of 1943.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Product  of biotechnology is

  1. Transgenic crop

  2. Humulin

  3. Biofertilizer

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology uses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives and the health of our planet. Plants and animals can be improved by selectively breeding for particular traits or by genetic modification. Beneficial traits can be identified visually or by DNA profiling. Gene modification or transgenesis are used to produce therapeutic human proteins in cells or whole organisms. The cell or organism used depends upon how large and complex the protein is. For example, human insulin. Biotechnology improves crop insect resistance, enhances crop herbicide tolerance and facilitates the use of more environmentally sustainable farming practices.

Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

The drug streptomycin inhibits the process of

  1. Prokaryotic translation

  2. Eukaryotic translation

  3. Prokaryotic transcription

  4. Eukaryotic transcription
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
When purifying protein from a biological extract, streptomycin sulfate is sometimes added as a means of removing nucleic acids. Since it binds to ribosomes and precipitates out of solution, it serves as a method for removing rRNA, mRNA, and even DNA if the extract is from a prokaryote
So, the correct answer is 'Prokaryotic translation'
Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Flemming, Chain and Florey were awarded the Nobel prize in 1945 for the discovery of

  1. HIV

  2. CT scan

  3. Penicillin

  4. Staphylococcus

  5. Antibodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 was awarded jointly to Sir Alexander Fleming, Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Howard Walter Florey for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases.