Tag: introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin

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Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Restriction endonucleases are

  1. Synthesized by bacteria

  2. Present in cells for degradation of foreign DNA

  3. Used in genetic engineering

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Restriction enzyme is a protein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule. In the bacterial cell, restriction enzymes cleave foreign DNA, thus eliminating infecting organisms.
The goal of genetic engineering is changing the genetic makeup of an organism. To achieve this goal, scientists must have a way of rearranging genes to create new combinations of DNA. Restriction enzymes are one tool that can be used to accomplish this goal. A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e., each strand) of the DNA double helix.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

From the below list, which of the following is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
(i) Transformbacteria with recombinant DNA molecule.
(ii) Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes.
(iii) Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells.
(iv) Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA fragments.
(v) Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA.

  1. (iv), (v), (i), (ii), (iii)

  2. (iii), (ii), (iv), (v), (i)

  3. (iii), (iv), (v), (i), (ii)

  4. (ii), (iii), (v), (iv), (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
1. A gene of interest ( DNA fragment) is isolated from cells that have been grown in laboratory culture. 
2. Both the human DNA and the plasmid are treated with the same restriction enzyme to produce identical sticky ends. 
3. The restriction enzyme cuts the plasmid DNA at its single recognition sequence, disrupting the antibiotic resistance gene. 
4. The DNA fragment are mixed together and the complementary sticky ends are attached to each other by base pairing. The enzyme DNA- ligase is added to bond the sticky ends. 
5. The recombinant plasmid or molecular clone, is introduced into a bacterial cell by adding the DNA to a bacterial culture. Under the right condition some bacteria will take up the plasmid from solution by the process transformation. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice commercial studies biotechnology: general introduction introduction to genetic engineering and production of insulin use of efficient and eco-friendly technology genetics of the future

Which one of the following is correctly matched regarding an Institute and its location?

  1. National Institute of Virology - Pune

  2. National lnstitute of Communicable Diseases - Lucknow

  3. Central Drug Research Institute - Kasauli

  4. National Institute of Nutrition - Mumbai
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The National Institute of Virology (NIV) is a premier virus research laboratory in Pune. The National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) is situated in New Delhi. It has been renamed as National Centre for Disease Control now. The Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) is a multidisciplinary research laboratory in Lucknow. The National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) is an Indian Public health, Biotechnology and Translational research centre located in Hyderabad. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A.