Tag: digestion and absorption

Questions Related to digestion and absorption

Read the following fours statements (A toD) about chylomicrons?

A. Chylomicrons are produced in the lumen of small intestine
B. Chylomicron contains triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids
C. Chylomicron is protein free small vesicles
D. Chylomicron released from the lacteal% into epithelial cells
How many of the above statements are correct?

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Four

  2. One

  3. Two

  4. Three

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides (85–92%), phospholipids (6–12%), cholesterol (1–3%), and proteins (1–2%).They transport dietary lipids from the intestines to other locations in the body. However, they are not produced in the lumen of the small intestine rather in the epithelial cells of it. The chylomicrons produced in the epithelial cells are released into the lacteals and then get transported into the lymphatic vessels.


So the only correct choice is that chylomicron contains triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids . 
So the correct option is 'One'.

Amylopsin and Rennin are carbohydrate and protein digesting enzymes respectively. Amylopsin acts in ____ medium and Rennin acts in ____ medium :-

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Acidic only

  2. Alkaline and acidic

  3. Acidic and alkaline

  4. Slightly acidic and acidic

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Amylopsin is a pancreatic enzyme that converts starch to sugar. It is most active in an alkaline pH. Rennin functions best in an acidic environment and loses its activity when pH is higher than 7. So, the correct option is 'Alkaline and acidic'.

Most of the fats absorbed in the small intestine enters the?

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Lacteals

  2. Arterioles

  3. Venules

  4. Microvilli

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Correct Option: A

Role of invertase is to convert

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Glucose to fructose and sucrose

  2. Glucose to maltose

  3. Maltose to glucose

  4. Sucrose to glucose and fructose

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Invertase is an enzyme present in succus entericus. It is also called as sucrase. It hydrolyzes sucrose into its components glucose and fructose.

Match the digestive juices with the enzymes given under. Choose the choice which gives the correct combination of the alphabets of the two columns.

   List I (Digestive juices)    List II (Enzymes)
 A  Saliva p  Maltase
 B Gastric juice  q  Trypsinogen
 C  Pancreatic juice r  Ptyalin
 D  Intestinal juice s   Pepsin
    t   Cellulase
biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1.  A- r, B- s, C- q, D- p

  2. A- s, B- r, C- p, D- t

  3. A- r, B- t, C- p, D- q

  4. A- r, B- s, C- p, D- t

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Salivary juice contains starch splitting enzyme amylase. The amylase of saliva is called as ptyalin. Pepsin is the major proteolytic enzyme of stomach. Pepsin is secreted as a proenzyme pepsinogen and is activated to pepsin on exposure to acid in stomach. Trypsin is a component of pancreatic juice where it is present as trypsinogen. Trypsinogen is activated to trypsin on exposure to enterokinase. The intestinal juice contains a number of disaccharidases like maltase, lactase, sucrase for splitting disaccharides into monosaccharides, which can be readily absorbed.

Amount of fat increases in the body due to excess intake of

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Vitamins

  2. Minerals

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Excess carbohydrates in diet are converted into glycogen and stored in liver and muscles to be used during starvation or in-between meals to maintain a constant blood glucose level. Still excess carbohydrates are converted into adipose tissue of fat and stored around visceral organs and under the skin.

How many enzymes in the list given below infound in pancreatic juice?
Enterokinase, Chymotrypsin, Aminopeptidase, Pepsin, Lactase, Rennin, Carboxypeptidase, Nuclease, Nucleotidase & Elastase:-

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Six

  2. Three

  3. Five

  4. Four

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase, carboxypeptidase, nuclease are the enzymes secreted by the pancreas.

Emulsification of fats by bile takes place in  

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Duodenum

  2. Liver

  3. Stomach

  4. Intestine

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Secretion and synthesis of bile is the main function of liver. Bile is yellowish-green, alkaline fluid. In bile juice, bile salts, sodium carbonate, glycolate, taurocholate, bile pigments, cholesterol, lecithin etc. are present. Bile salts help in emulsification of fats in small intestine. It mainly act at the duodenum part of the small intestine.

Emulsification of fats is due to 

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. Pepsin

  2. Cholesterol

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bile salts (of bile) plays a very important role in the digestion of fats. As fats are insoluble in water, they enter the intestine as drops within the watery chyme. The bile salts, which are partly lipid-soluble and partly water-soluble, emulsify the fat particles and, as a result, the fat-drops acquire a greater surface area. The enzyme lipase, then acts upon these fat-drops and allows its digestion into glycerol and fatty acids. 

Glucose is transported to cell by 

biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

  1. ${ Na }^{ + }$ Symport

  2. ${ K }^{ + }$Symport

  3. ${ Na }^{ + }$ Antiport

  4. ${ K }^{ + }$Antiport

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carbohydrates are hydrolysed by concerning enzymes and converted into monosaccharides like glucose and fructose. Monosaccharides are absorbed via the capillary blood with in the villus to finally reach into portal vein. Absorption of glucose molecules occurs along with, Na+ by active import. Fructose is absorbed passively through facilitated diffusion.