Tag: digestion and absorption

The correct answer is (c).

Starvation mode is a state in which the body is responding to prolonged periods of low energy intake levels. The body responds to reduced energy intake by burning fat reserves and consuming muscle and other tissues. Specifically, the body burns fat after first exhausting the contents of the digestive tract along with glycogen reserves stored in muscle and liver cells. After prolonged periods of starvation, the body will utilize the proteins within muscle tissue as a fuel source.

Hindgut fermentation is a digestive process seen in monogastric herbivores, animals with a simple, single-chambered stomach. Cellulose is digested with the aid of symbiotic bacteria. The microbial fermentation occurs in the digestive organs that follow the small intestine: the large intestine and caecum.

The correct answer is (b).

Sucrase enzymes are located on the brush border of the small intestine. The enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of sucrose to fructose and glucose. The sucrase enzyme invertase, which occurs more commonly in plants, also hydrolyzes sucrose but by a different mechanism

A) Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

•  Digestion is catabolic process in the digestive tract where ingested food is converted into simpler, soluble and diffusible substances that can be assimilated by the body and absorbed into the blood from the intestinal walls.
• The end product should be water soluble as it has to combine with the plasma of blood.
• Absorption at intestinal walls is through cell membranes of intestinal cells and walls of blood capillaries.
• So, the correct answer is 'Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes'.

Amoeba, a protozoan employs intracellular digestion for deriving nutrition. Food is ingested with the pseudopodium by invagination of cell membrane and subsequently stored into the food/gastric vacuole. This due to cytoplasmic movements combine with the lysosome where the food is broken down to simpler products and assimilated. Finally, the waste is removed by exocytosis by the contractile vacuole.

Digestion is the combination of mechanical as it food convert into a paste by teeth through a process called as mastication and chemical process as it requires various enzymes that break down the complex food material into simpler absorbable form.