Biology · General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

807 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which one of the following statements is correct?

  1. HIV is same as AIDS

  2. HIV is caused by AIDS

  3. AIDS is caused by HIV

  4. AIDS is not caused by HIV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). HIV is the virus, while AIDS is the late stage of HIV infection when the immune system is severely damaged. Option A is wrong because HIV and AIDS are different stages, and option B reverses the causation.

Multiple choice

ELISA (Enzyme linked Immuno Solvent Assay) teat is conducted to detect

  1. AIDS

  2. Typhoid

  3. Tuberculosis

  4. Cancer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is commonly used to detect HIV/AIDS antibodies in blood samples. While ELISA can be adapted to detect various infectious diseases including typhoid and tuberculosis, it is most widely known and used as the initial screening test for HIV infection.

Multiple choice

Which among the following microorganisms is capable of producing a positive effect on immunity in HIV+ children?

  1. Lactobacillus salivarius

  2. Lactobacillus plantarum

  3. Lactobacillus acidophilus

  4. Enterococcus faecium

  5. Saccharomyces boulardii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lactobacillus plantarum can prevent diarrhea; reduce inflammation, pain and constipation in inflammatory bowel disease. It also decreases bloating and flatulence. L. plantarum produces positive effect on immunity in HIV+ children.

Multiple choice

Among the following pairs, which one is a false pair regarding the stages of syphilis and its characteristics?

  1. Latent – asymptomatic stage of variable length between primary and secondary stage syphilis

  2. Secondary – disseminated disease with immune complex deposition in joints, kidneys and eyes

  3. Tertiary – end-organ damage that will kill approximately 25% of untreated patients

  4. Primary – localized genital chancre lesion for 1–2 months

  5. Final stage – death of an individual within a week
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The latent phase of infection is an asymptomatic period between the secondary and tertiary stages of disease which can last from months to years.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not transmitted via blood transfusion?

  1. Hepatitis

  2. Typhoid

  3. HIV

  4. Malaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella Typhi and spreads through contaminated food and water, not through blood transfusion. Hepatitis B and C, HIV, and Malaria (in endemic areas) can all be transmitted through infected blood. Blood screening protocols specifically test for these transfusion-transmissible infections but not for typhoid.

Multiple choice

HIV which causes AIDS attacks

  1. killer T cells

  2. helper T cells

  3. interpherons

  4. suppressor T cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

HIV which causes AIDS mainly attacks helper T cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a sexually transmitted incurable disease ?

  1. Syphilis

  2. Gonorrhoea

  3. Trichomoniasis

  4. AIDS
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) caused by HIV is currently incurable, though treatments can manage it. Syphilis, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis are bacterial or protozoan STDs that can be cured with antibiotics.

Multiple choice

“Red Ribbon” relates to AIDS, as “White Ribbon” is related to

  1. good health

  2. green revolution

  3. pollution free nation

  4. safe motherhood

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Red Ribbon is the international symbol of HIV/AIDS awareness and solidarity. Similarly, the White Ribbon Alliance promotes safe motherhood and women's health globally. The other options (A) good health, (B) green revolution, and (C) pollution free nation are not associated with white ribbon symbolism.

Multiple choice

Why do herpes virus infections recur?

  1. The virus is incapable of penetrating latex.

  2. The virus spreads first to autonomic nerves and then to the nerve root ganglia where it remains dormant for indeterminate periods of time.

  3. Primary HHV-6B infection usually occurs in adults and is the most common cause of fever-induced seizures.

  4. The virus remains dormant in the infected mucosal and skin cells for indeterminate periods of time.

  5. The virus inserts its DNA into host cell DNA and immortalises the cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Herpesvirus gains access to the human body via mucosal cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Viruses create biochemical pathways and affect the system. b. It is harder to make antiviral medicines as viruses have few biochemical mechanisms of their own. c. The antiviral drugs block the biochemical pathways important for the viruses.

  1. Only a

  2. Only b

  3. Only c

  4. Both a and c

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct statement. Making antiviral medicines is harder because viruses have few biochemical mechanisms of their own. They enter our cells and use our machinery for their life processes.