Biology · General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is most pertinent to healthy individuals with selective IgA deficiency?

  1.  All individuals can be considered to be normal without risk of infections.

  2. They are more likely to develop heart disease than those with normal IgA levels.

  3. They will always have a high risk of HIV infection.

  4. They have a high risk of a recurrent serious bacterial infection.

  5. They have a higher risk of developing an organ specific autoimmune disease or allergies than the general population.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

These individuals have a higher risk of developing an organ specific autoimmune disease or allergies than the general population.

Multiple choice

Viral replication within cells is inhibited by _____ .

  1. IL - 4

  2. IL - 1

  3. INF - alpha

  4. TNF - alpha

  5. TGF - beta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

INF-alphaINF-alpha inhibits viral replication, increase lytic potential of NK cells, increase MHC class I expression and stimulate the development of TH 1 cells.

Multiple choice

Lytic enzyme found in the virus is _________.

  1. ribonuclease

  2. reverse transcriptase

  3. lysozyme

  4. neuraminidase

  5. acetylcholinesterase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Any group of enzymes that cleave sialic acid, a carbohydrate occurring on the surfaces of cells in humans, other animals and in plants is called neuraminidase. These are found in the viruses also.

Multiple choice

Virus can be considered living because it __________.

  1. exhibits growth

  2. reproduces in host cell

  3. causes disease

  4. possesess enzymes

  5. responds to touch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

These enter the living cell where they take over the metabolism of the host cell and it seems that they are living.

Multiple choice

Which statement is not true for viruses?

  1. Viruses are made of proteins and nucleic acids.

  2. Virus can multiply only in living cells.

  3. Viruses cannot use oxygen.

  4. Virus can grow in dilute sugar syrups in warm weather.

  5. Viruses are inert in nature.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is not true as they cannot grow in sugar solution. They can grow only inside the living cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct for viruses?

  1. These have their own metabolic machinery.

  2. These are not obligate parasites.

  3. These possess DNA or RNA.

  4. These are killed by antibiotics.

  5. These are not destroyed by naturally occurring immunoglobulins.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It is true that the genetic material of virus is either DNA or RNA.

Multiple choice

Retrovirus is the RNA virus with lipid envelope that uses reverses transcriptase for producing DNA macromolecules required for their replication. The better popular retroviruses, Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) are capable of infecting animals. The most severe human pathogen among retroviruses is the one that is the causative agent of AIDS.

“Virus which actually is the causative agent of AIDS is HIV as recommended by International Committee on Taxonomy of Virus in the year 1986.“ What was the other name used earlier for the same virus?

  1. HIV-1

  2. HIV-2

  3. HTLV-3

  4. HIV-3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The other name used earlier for the same virus was HTLV-3 (Human T-cell Leukemia Virus-3). There are two different strains: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV is characterised with viral Capsid such as “soccer ball” consisting of 12 pentagones and 20 hexagones attached together to form a sphere.