Biology ยท General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

HIV-2 came into humans from

  1. common chimpanzee

  2. sooty mangabeys

  3. rhesus monkey

  4. gorilla
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

HIV-2 came to humans from sooty mangabeys.

Multiple choice

Find out the WRONG statement regarding the human immunodeficiency virus.

  1. The reverse transcriptase enzyme is a prominent feature of retroviruses.

  2. p10 is a protease enzyme that breaks gag precursor.

  3. p32 is an integrase enzyme of retrovirus.

  4. Gag gene encodes for the lipid bilayer of the virus.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The gag gene is encoded as a large gag-pol protein with another gene then cleaved to the precursor protein assembling, which is then cleaved to Gag. It is involved in virion assembly and produces some of the capsid and nucleocapsid proteins. It does not encode for the lipid bilayer of the virus.

Multiple choice

Which immune marker is observable during the window period of HIV infection?

  1. Antigen p24

  2. Antibodies to gp 120

  3. Antibodies to gp 41

  4. Antigen p17
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The window period is the period between the onset of HIV infection and the appearance of detectable antibodies to the virus. The purpose of the p24 antigen portion of the test is to detect HIV before body has made antibodies, i.e. in the window period.

Multiple choice

Which among the following treatments is regarded the best for HIV infection?

  1. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

  2. Protease inhibitors

  3. Integrase inhibitors

  4. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HAART is used to suppress HIV viral replication and the progression of HIV disease. It conjoins three or more different drugs such as two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and a protease inhibitor. These HAART regimens have proven to reduce the amount of active virus in many cases.

Multiple choice

The structural component of HIV required for cell -cell fusion is

  1. gp 120

  2. gp 41

  3. p24

  4. P2 protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

For the HIV infection to occur, the cell fusion is essential. This is done by the trans-membrane glycoprotein gp 41. HIV-1 utilises two major co-receptors along with CD4 to bind to, fuse with and enter target cells.

Multiple choice

Many drugs have been developed to treat AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). The drugs are basically nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Which of the following compounds is a famous anti-HIV drug?

  1. Abrin

  2. Amethopterin

  3. 6-mercaptopurine

  4. AZT

  5. Thymidine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

AZT (Azido dideoxythymidine) also called zidovudine is an inhibitor of the usual RNA-directed DNA synthesis of the AIDS virus, and hence a famous anti-HIV drug.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the correct group of diseases exclusively caused by virus?

  1. Poliomyelitis, Syphilis, Chickenpox Mumps

  2. Measles, Syphilis, Rabies. Cholera

  3. Cholera, Tuberculosis, Meningitis Syphilis

  4. Measles, Smallpox, Mumps, Rabies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All four diseases in option D (Measles, Smallpox, Mumps, Rabies) are caused exclusively by viruses. Options A, B, and C incorrectly include bacterial diseases like syphilis, cholera, and tuberculosis which are not viral.

Multiple choice

Which of the following causes AIDS?

  1. Amoeba

  2. HIV

  3. Vibrio cholera

  4. Lactobacillus

  5. Plasmodium vivax
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

HIV (Human Immuno-deficiency Virus) causes acquired immune-deficiency syndrome or AIDS. It is a retro virus with RNA as genetic material.