Viral Diseases and Immunity

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma and with naso-pharyngeal carcinoma.

A glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the brain or spine. It is called a glioma because it arises from glial cells. An increased incidence in gliomas has no association with HIV infection.

In case of HIV infection this test finds either the RNA of the HIV virus or the HIV DNA in white blood cells infected with the virus. The PCR test is very useful to find a very recent infection.

In complete DiGeorge syndrome there is a total failure of the thymus to develop and thus neither CD4-positive T-cells nor CD8-positive T-cells are formed. Note, however, that most cases of DiGeorge syndrome are 'partial' with some thymic development and thus not a complete absence of T-cells.

A glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the brain or spine. It is called a glioma because it arises from glial cells. An increased incidence in gliomas has no association with HIV infection.

In case of AIDS, the virus affects the immune system, damages its functions and leads to death.

Malarial protozoans enter the body through mosquito bite and travel to the liver and the RBCs.

TMV is a ssDNA virus.

 HIV infection is associated with the progressive loss of CD4(+) T cells through their destruction or decreased production.

Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in warm blooded animals. Negri bodies are eosinophilic sharply outlined pathognomonic inclusion bodies found in the cytoplasm of certain nerve cells containing the virus of rabies especially in Ammon's horn of the hippocampus. It is also found in the cerebellar cortex of postmortem brain samples of rabies victims. They consist ribonuclear proteins produced by the virus.

Convalescent carrier is a person who has recovered from the symptoms of an infectious disease but is still capable of transmitting pathogens to others. Persons in this category are the most frequent source of infection for others.

HIV-1 virus is made up of protein envelope and two copies of single stranded RNA of the genome. The envelope contains 72 external spikes. This spike is made up from the glycoproteins GP120 and GP41. Here GP stands  for glycoprotein and the number refers the mass of protein. GP120 is present in external spike and GP41 is in transmembrane.

This is a major portal of entry, though not the only one. 

Necrosis is a form of cell injury, which results in the premature death of cells in the living tissue.

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, a common complication of AIDS, is caused by JC virus. This virus gets activated in immunosupressed condition and lead to paralysis and death.