Biology · General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following viral proteins controls the nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex in the host cell?

  1. Tat

  2. Rev

  3. Vpr

  4. Nef

  5. Vif
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vpr is a Human immunodeficieny viral gene and protein product. Vpr stands for Viral Protein R. It plays an important role in regulating nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex and is required for virus replication in non-dividing cells such as macrophages.

Multiple choice

Types of microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, types of algae and plankton. Which one of the following micro-organisms does not use antigenic variation as a major means of avoiding host defences?

  1. Influenza A virus

  2. Streptococcus pneumoniae.

  3. Borrelia recurrentis

  4. HIV

  5. Trypanosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There are at least 93 serotypes in the world, though 23 prevalent serotypes that cause disease in different parts of the world, but no switching of the bacterium between serotypes. Infections with these organisms are common and often infect those with antibody or innate or combined deficiencies.

Multiple choice

Which of the following viruses is most strongly associated with cancer in aves and mammals?

  1. Cytomegalovirus

  2. Human herpes virus 3

  3. Human herpes virus 5

  4. HHV-8, Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus

  5. Human herpes virus 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

EBV is the herpes virus that is most strongly associated with cancer. It infects primarily lymphocytes and epithelial cells. In lymphocytes, the infection is usually non-productive, while virus is shed (productive infection) from infected epithelial cells.

Multiple choice

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus that can infect almost anyone. Which of the following statements does not characterise CMV?

  1. Herpes viruses are DNA viruses.

  2. CMV can down regulate the host response.

  3. CMV is named for the large inclusion bodies in the nucleus of the infected cell.

  4. Primary CMV infection can be mild and similar to glandular fever (infectious mononucleosis).

  5. Cytomegalovirus is a member of the retroviral group of viruses.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

CMV is an example of a herpes virus. These are all large DNA viruses of which CMV is the largest and is also known as human herpesvirus-5 (HHV-5).

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are true about AIDS?

  1. AIDS spreads through the transfusion of blood contaminated with AIDS virus.

  2. AIDS spreads through the use of infected needles of injections.

  3. An AIDS infected mother can transmit the virus to her child during pregnancy or birth.

  4. AIDS spreads through unprotected sexual contact with an infected person.

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as all of the above statements are true.