Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The questions given below contain two statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question? What is the percent profit? I. Selling price is 20% less than the marked price. II. The profit obtained after selling 12 articles is Rs. 50.

  1. If statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient.

  2. If statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient.

  3. If each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient.

  4. If statement I and II together are not sufficient.

  5. If both statements I and II together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I relates SP to MP but not to CP, so profit percentage cannot be found. Statement II gives total profit on 12 items but without CP or SP values, the percentage cannot be calculated. Even combining both statements, we lack information about cost price or the relationship between marked price and cost price, making the profit percentage impossible to determine.

Multiple choice

Each question below contains a statement followed by Quantity I and Quantity II. Find both to find the relationship among them. Mark your answer accordingly. If the cost price of an article is increased by 40% to make it as the market price of article, Quantity I: Selling price of article after allowing a discount of 20%, if the cost price is Rs 1,75,000 Quantity II: The cost price of article if after selling article at 20% profit is Rs 2,52,000

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Market price = 1,75,000 × 1.4 = 2,45,000. Selling price after 20% discount = 2,45,000 × 0.8 = 1,96,000. Quantity II: Selling price = 2,52,000. Cost price at 20% profit = 2,52,000 ÷ 1.2 = 2,10,000. 2,10,000 > 1,96,000, so Quantity II > Quantity I.

Multiple choice

What was the percent profit/loss made/incurred by selling an article for Rs. 20,000? I. The ratio between the selling price and the cost price of the article is 4 : 3 respectively. II. The difference between the cost price and selling price is Rs. 5000.

  1. If statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient.

  2. If statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient.

  3. If each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient.

  4. If statement I and II together are not sufficient.

  5. If both statement together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: SP:CP = 4:3 and SP=20000 gives CP = 20000×3/4 = 15000. Profit = 20000-15000 = 5000. Profit% = 5000/15000×100 = 33.33%. Sufficient alone. Statement II: SP-CP = 5000 and SP=20000 gives CP = 15000. Same calculation. Each alone sufficient. C is correct.

Multiple choice

Ram sells two articles A and B. He earns a profit of 25% on article A and a loss of 10% an article B. If he calculated profit of A an SP and loss of B an its CP and ratio of cost price of article A and B is 3 : 1. Find the overall profit/loss percentage. राम दो वस्तुएँ A तथा B बेचता है। वह वस्तु A पर 25% का लाभ कमाता है और वस्तु B पर 10% की हानि कमाता है। यदि वस्तु A पर लाभ विक्रय मूल्य पर करता है और वस्तु B पर हानि की गणना को गणना क्रय मूल्य पर करता है और वस्तु A तथा वस्तु B के क्रय मूल्य का अनुपात 3 : 1 है तो उसका समस्त लाभ हानि प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिए।

  1. 25% profit/लाभ

  2. 25% loss/हानि

  3. 22.5 profit/लाभ

  4. 22.5% loss/हानि
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of A = 3x, CP of B = x. A: 25% profit on SP means SP_A = CP_A + 0.25×SP_A, so 0.75×SP_A = 3x, SP_A = 4x. B: 10% loss on CP means SP_B = 0.9×CP_B = 0.9x. Total CP = 4x, Total SP = 4x + 0.9x = 4.9x. Profit = 0.9x on CP of 4x, which is 0.9/4 = 22.5%. Wait, this calculation gives 22.5% which is option C. But let me verify: profit = 4.9x - 4x = 0.9x. Percentage = (0.9x/4x) × 100 = 22.5%. Yes, 22.5% profit is correct.

Multiple choice

Each question contains a statement followed by Quantity I and Quantity II. Read the contents clearly and answer your questions accordingly. Quantity I: The shopkeeper sold an article at 10 % discount on marked price and he gains 20%. If the marked price of the article is Rs.400, then find the cost price. Quantity II: The shopkeeper marks the price of the Pen Rs.350 and his profit % is 15%. Find the cost price of the Pen, if he allows a discount of 8%?

  1. Quantity II > Quantity I

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity I > Quantity II

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: SP = 400 * 0.9 = 360 (after 10% discount). With 20% profit, CP = 360/1.2 = Rs.300. Quantity II: SP = 350 * 0.92 = 322 (after 8% discount). With 15% profit, CP = 322/1.15 ≈ Rs.280. Since 300 > 280, Quantity I is greater. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

In the following questions, two quantities are given as Quantity I and Quantity II. Find the correct relationship. Quantity I: The shopkeeper sold an article at 10% discount on the marked price and he gains 20%. If the marked price of the article is Rs. 400, then the cost price is? Quantity II: The shopkeeper marks the price of the book Rs. 350 and his profit % is 15%. Find the cost price of the book, if he allows a discount of 8%?

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: MP = 400, 10% discount → SP = 360. 20% profit means CP = 360/1.2 = 300. Quantity II: MP = 350, 8% discount → SP = 322. 15% profit means CP = 322/1.15 ≈ 280. Since 300 > 280, Quantity I > Quantity II.

Multiple choice

Each of these questions consists of a question followed by information in three statements. You have to study the question and the statements and decide that information in which of the statement(s) is/are necessary to answer the question. Find the actual profit percent of the shopkeeper? Statement I: The profit made while selling 2 kg of sugar was 20%. But he uses less weight than actual weight. Statement II: Weight used was 37% less than the actual 1 kg weight of the sugar. Statement III: There was no discount on the price of the sugar.

  1. Only Statement I alone is sufficient.

  2. Statement II and III are sufficient together.

  3. All three statement require together.

  4. Statement I and II are sufficient together.

  5. None of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The shopkeeper claims 20% profit on 2 kg, meaning selling price = 2.4 × (price per kg). Statement II reveals he uses 37% less weight, so actual weight for every '1 kg' is only 630g. For 2 kg, customer receives only 1.26 kg but pays for 2 kg. Effective selling price per actual kg = 2.4/1.26 = 1.905 times marked price. Profit = (1.905 - 1)/1 × 100 = 90.5%. Statements I and II together are sufficient.

Multiple choice

Directions: Each question below contains a statement followed by Quantity I and Quantity II. Find both to find the relationship among them. Mark your answer accordingly. The price of item X is marked at Rs 10,000. After giving a discount of 4%, a gain of 20% is achieved. Quantity I: Cost Price of an article if it is sold making a loss of 10% given that if the cost price was 20% less, a profit of Rs 12 could be made. Quantity II: Labeled Price of an article if a discount of 30% is given on it and then sold for Rs 105 at a loss of 20%

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For Quantity I: Let CP = x. If CP was 20% less, new CP = 0.8x. Profit = Rs 12 means SP - 0.8x = 12, so SP = 0.8x + 12. At 10% loss, SP = 0.9x. Equating: 0.9x = 0.8x + 12, giving x = 120. So CP = 120. Quantity I asks for CP when sold at 10% loss = 120. For Quantity II: Selling at 20% loss means SP = 0.8 × LP. SP is given as Rs 105, so 0.8 × LP = 105, giving LP = 105/0.8 = 131.25. Since 131.25 > 120, Quantity II > Quantity I.

Multiple choice

A seller makes a profit of 90 rupees after giving a discount of 20% on a cycle. What is the cost price of cycle? I. Marked price is 2 times of cost price. II. The profit would have been 20%, if a discount of 40% was given.

  1. The data in statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while data in statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  2. The data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

  3. The data in statement I alone or statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.

  4. The data in both statements I and II is not sufficient to answer the question.

  5. The data in both statements I and II together is necessary to answer the question.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: Let CP = x. Then MP = 2x. With 20% discount, SP = 0.8 × 2x = 1.6x. Profit = 1.6x - x = 0.6x = 90, so x = 150. Statement I alone is sufficient. Statement II: With 40% discount, SP = 0.6 × 2x = 1.2x. Profit% = (1.2x - x)/x × 100 = 20%. This matches the given 20% profit, so Statement II alone is also sufficient (just confirms the pricing structure, which yields the same CP of 150).

Multiple choice

In each of the following question, a question is followed by information given in two statement named as Quantity-I (Q1) and Quantity –II (Q2). You have to study the information and compare the value derived from Quantity-I and Quantity-II. Then answer - Amazon listed two headphones for Rs. 476. One of the headphones was sold at a loss of 25% and the other at a gain of 29% and the company found that each headphone was sold at the same price. Quantity I: The cost price of the headphone which was sold at 29% profit. Quantity II: The selling price of the headphone which was sold at 25% loss.

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I < Quantity II

  3. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  4. Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or no relation can be established.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost prices be x (sold at 25% loss) and y (sold at 29% profit). Both sell at the same price, so 0.75x = 1.29y = SP. Also x + y = 476. From 0.75x = 1.29y, we get x = 1.72y. Substituting: 1.72y + y = 476, so 2.72y = 476, giving y ≈ 175. Then x = 476 - 175 = 301. Quantity I: CP of profit headset = y ≈ 175. Quantity II: SP of loss headset = 0.75x = 0.75 x 301 ≈ 226. Comparing: 175 < 226, so Quantity I < Quantity II.

Multiple choice

The questions given below contain three statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question? What was the profit earned on the cost price by Mahesh by selling an article? (A) He got 15% concession on the labelled price in buying that article. (B) He sold it for Rs. 3060 (C) He earned a profit of 2% on the labelled price

  1. Only A and B together are required

  2. Only B and C together are required

  3. Only either A or C and B together are required

  4. Even with all A, B and C the answer cannot be found.

  5. All A, B and C together are required.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

We need to find profit on cost price. From (A): Mahesh bought at 15% discount on labelled price, so cost = 0.85 × labelled price. From (B): Selling price = Rs. 3060. From (C): Profit = 2% of labelled price, so SP = 1.02 × labelled price. From (C): labelled price = 3060/1.02 = Rs. 3000. Then cost = 0.85 × 3000 = Rs. 2550. Profit on cost = (3060-2550)/2550 × 100 = 20%. All three statements together are necessary - (C) gives labelled price, (A) relates cost to labelled price, (B) gives selling price.

Multiple choice

Find the values and state the correct relationship. मान ज्ञात कीजिये तथा सही सम्बन्ध स्थापित कीजिये। If the cost price of an article is increased by 40% to make it as the market price of article, Quantity I: Selling price of article after allowing a discount of 20%, if the cost price is Rs 175000 Quantity II: The cost price of article if after selling article at Rs 252000 profit is 20%. यदि वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य निर्धारित करते समय इसे लागत मूल्य से 40% बढाया जाता है। मात्रा I: 20% की छूट की देने के बाद पश्चात वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य, यदि वस्तु का लागत मूल्य 1,75,000 रुपये है। मात्रा II: वस्तु का लागत मूल्य यदि इसे 2,52,000 रुपये में बेचने पर लाभ प्रतिशत 20% है।

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II मात्रा I > मात्रा II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II मात्रा I ≥ मात्रा II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I मात्रा II > मात्रा I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I मात्रा II ≥ मात्रा I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established मात्रा I = मात्रा II या संबंध स्थापित नहीं किया जा सकता है।
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: CP=175000, MP=175000×1.4=245000, SP=245000×0.8=196000. Quantity II: SP=252000 at 20% profit means CP=252000/1.2=210000. Since 196000 < 210000, Quantity II is greater.

Multiple choice

A fruit seller sells 33 mangoes and gains equals to the selling price of 11 mangoes. Also he sells 66 oranges and gains equal to the cost price of 22 oranges. He gains x% when all the mangoes are sold and gains y% when all the oranges are sold. Find the value of x and y and give answer? एक फल विक्रेता 33 आम बेचता है और 11 आमों के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर लाभ प्राप्त करता है। साथ ही वह 66 संतरे बेचता है और 22 संतरे के क्रय मूल्य के बराबर लाभ प्राप्त करता है। जब सभी आम बेचे जाते हैं तो उसे x% का लाभ होता है और जब सभी संतरे बेचे जाते हैं तो उसे y% का लाभ होता है। x और y का मान ज्ञात कीजिए और उत्तर दीजिए?

  1. x% > y%

  2. x% < y%

  3. x% = y%

  4. Can’t say

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

For mangoes: Gain = SP of 11 mangoes. Selling 33 mangoes, gain = 11×SP. Profit% = Gain/CP × 100 = (11×SP)/(33×CP) × 100 = (1/3)×(SP/CP)×100. Also SP-CP = Gain per mango = SP/11. So CP = (10/11)SP, meaning SP/CP = 11/10. Thus x% = (1/3)×(11/10)×100 = 36.67%. For oranges: Gain = CP of 22 oranges. Selling 66 oranges, gain = 22×CP. Profit% = (22×CP)/(66×CP)×100 = 33.33%. Since x% (36.67%) > y% (33.33%), option A is correct.

Multiple choice

Vendors P and Q ordered some mobile sets from the same manufacturer whose manufacturing cost is Rs 8000. The manufacturer imposed total Rs 1920 as shipping charge to vendor P and 1600 to vendor for each order. Both the vendors marked each mobile set 25% above their respective cost prices (manufacturing + shipping) and each allows a discount of 10%. Number of mobile sets ordered in their first order by vendor P and vendor Q is 30 and 20 respectively, then find the total profit earned by vendor P and vendor Q together? विक्रेताओं P और Q ने उसी निर्माता से कुछ मोबाइल सेट मंगवाए जिनकी निर्माण लागत 8000 रुपये है। निर्माता ने विक्रेता P से शिपिंग चार्ज के रूप में कुल 1920 रुपये और प्रत्येक ऑर्डर के लिए और विक्रेता Q से 1600 रुपये लिए । दोनों विक्रेताओं ने प्रत्येक मोबाइल सेट को उनकी लागत मूल्य (विनिर्माण + शिपिंग) से 25% ऊपर चिह्नित किया और प्रत्येक ने 10% की छूट दी। वेंडर P और वेंडर Q द्वारा अपने पहले क्रम में दिए गए मोबाइल सेटों की संख्या क्रमशः 30 और 20 है, तो वेंडर P और वेंडर Q द्वारा अर्जित कुल लाभ एक साथ ज्ञात करें?

  1. 50440

  2. 54400

  3. 50040

  4. 54040

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vendor P: Manufacturing cost = 30 × 8000 = 240000, Shipping = 1920, Total cost = 241920. Cost per mobile = 241920/30 = 8064. Marked price = 8064 × 1.25 = 10080. Selling price = 10080 × 0.9 = 9072. Profit per mobile = 9072 - 8064 = 1008. Total profit = 30 × 1008 = 30240. Vendor Q: Total cost = 160800, Cost per mobile = 8080, Selling price = 9090, Profit per mobile = 1010, Total profit = 20200. Combined profit = 50440.

Multiple choice

In each of the following questions, a question is followed by three statements numbered I, II and III. Read all the statements and answer accordingly. निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न में, एक कथन के बाद तीन कथन I, II और III दिए गए हैं। सभी कथनों को पढ़ें और तदनुसार उत्तर दें। Find the increase percent in Cost Price to make Marked Price if चिह्नित मूल्य बनाने के लिए लागत मूल्य में वृद्धि प्रतिशत का पता लगाएं Statement I: A trader gain 25% on Cost Price Statement II: A trader gain 20% on Selling Price Statement III: A trader gain 20% on Cost Price after giving a discount of 20% on Marked Price कथन I: लागत मूल्य पर एक व्यापारी को 25% लाभ होता है कथन II: विक्रय मूल्य पर एक व्यापारी को 20% लाभ होता है कथन III: एक व्यापारी को अंकित मूल्य पर 20% की छूट देने के बाद लागत मूल्य पर 20% प्राप्त होता है

  1. I and II Together I और II एक साथ

  2. II and III Together II और III एक साथ

  3. Only III केवल III

  4. All I, II and III Together सभी I, II और III एक साथ

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement III: Gain 20% on CP after 20% discount on MP means SP = 0.8 MP and also SP = 1.2 CP. So 0.8 MP = 1.2 CP, MP/CP = 1.2/0.8 = 1.5, meaning MP is 150% of CP. Increase from CP to MP = 50%. This is sufficient to answer the question. Statements I and II talk about gains but don't connect CP to MP directly. Only Statement III alone gives the CP to MP relationship. Answer C (Only III) is correct.