Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice
  1. Only II and III II तथा III

  2. I and II or III I तथा II या III

  3. III and I or II III तथा I या II

  4. Any two कोई भी दो

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

To find number of articles sold, we need selling price and either profit or cost price. Statement II gives cost price (Rs 632). Statement III gives selling price per article (Rs 765). Profit per article = Rs 765 - Rs 632 = Rs 133. Total profit (Statement I) is Rs 1596. Number of articles = Total profit ÷ Profit per article = 1596 ÷ 133 = 12. Thus only II and III are needed. Statement I provides the answer, not the data to find it.

Multiple choice
  1. I and II only केवल I तथा II

  2. II and either I or III only केवल II तथा या तो I या III

  3. I and III only केवल I तथा III

  4. I and either II or III only केवल I तथा या तो II या III

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I gives CP = 252 - 52 = 200. Statement II: Without discount, profit = 80, so MP = 200 + 80 = 280. Discount = 280 - 252 = 28. Discount% = 28/280 = 10%. Statement III: 40% profit means MP = 200 × 1.4 = 280, which is same as Statement II. So I and either II or III are sufficient. Statement II and III give the same information (either one works with I).

Multiple choice
  1. 4878

  2. 5000

  3. 4968

  4. 4768

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Shopkeeper marks 20% above CP: MP = 1.2x. Man gets 25% discount: discounted price = 0.75(1.2x) = 0.9x. Adds 15% GST: purchase price = 0.9x × 1.15 = 1.035x. Man sells for 6000 at 25% profit on CP: 6000 = 1.25x, so x = 4800. Purchase price = 1.035 × 4800 = 4968. Option C matches this calculation.

Multiple choice

In each of the following question, a question is followed by information given in two statement named as Quantity-I(Q1) and Quantity –II (Q2). You have to study the information along with the question and compare the value derived from Quantity-I and Quantity-II. Then answer - If the cost price of an article is increased by 40% to make it as the market price of article, Quantity I: Selling price of article after allowing a discount of 20%, if the cost price is Rs 1,75,000 Quantity II: The cost price of article if after selling article at 20% profit is Rs 2,52,000 निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों में प्रत्येक प्रश्न के लिए कुछ सूचना एवं दो कथन परिमाण- I(Q1) और परिमाण- II (Q2) में दी गयी हैं। आप प्रश्न सहित सूचना का अध्ययन कर परिमाण- I और परिमाण- II से प्राप्त मानों की तुलना कीजिये और उत्तर दीजिये - यदि वस्तु के बाजार मूल्य के रूप में इसे बनाने के लिए किसी वस्तु की लागत मूल्य 40% तक बढ़ जाती है, मात्रा I: 20% की छूट की अनुमति देने के बाद वस्तु की बिक्री कीमत, यदि लागत मूल्य 1,75,000 रुपये है मात्रा II: वस्तु का लागत मूल्य यदि 20% लाभ पर बेचने के बाद वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य 2,52,000 रुपये है

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II मात्रा I > मात्रा II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II मात्रा I > मात्रा II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I मात्रा II > मात्रा I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I मात्रा II > मात्रा I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established मात्रा I = मात्रा II या सम्बन्ध स्थापित नहीं किया जा सकता है ।

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Market price = 1.4 × 175000 = 245000. After 20% discount: SP = 245000 × 0.8 = Rs. 196000. Quantity II: If selling at 20% profit gives 252000, then CP = 252000/1.2 = Rs. 210000. Since 210000 > 196000, Quantity II > Quantity I.

Multiple choice
  1. The data in statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question

  2. The data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question

  3. The data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question

  4. The data given in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question

  5. The data given in both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: Selling price = 665 after 5% discount, so Marked Price × 0.95 = 665, giving Marked Price = 665/0.95 = 700. Statement I alone is sufficient to find the marked price. Statement II: Marked Price is 40% above cost price, but without knowing the cost price or selling price, we cannot determine the marked price numerically. Statement II alone is insufficient. Therefore A is correct.

Multiple choice
  1. If statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient. यदि केवल कथन I ही पर्याप्त है लेकिन केवल कथन II नहीं।

  2. If statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient. यदि केवल कथन II ही पर्याप्त है लेकिन केवल कथन I नहीं।

  3. If each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient. यदि या केवल I या केवल II पर्याप्त हैं।

  4. If statement I and II together are not sufficient. यदि I व II दोनों अपर्याप्त हैं।

  5. If both statement together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient. यदि दोनों कथन I व II एक साथ पर्याप्त हैं लेकिन अलग-अलग नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: If sold for Rs 90 with 20% profit, then cost price = 90/1.20 = Rs 75. From this, selling at Rs 100 gives profit = Rs 25. Statement II: Profit is one-third of cost price, so profit = CP/3, and SP = CP + CP/3 = 4CP/3 = 100, giving CP = Rs 75 and profit = Rs 25. However, Statement I assumes the 20% profit scenario refers to selling at Rs 90, while Statement II describes a different scenario entirely. The statements give inconsistent information about the cost price calculation method. Therefore, even the combined statements are insufficient to determine a unique answer.

Multiple choice
  1. Only II & III केवल II और III

  2. Only I & II केवल I और II

  3. Only I & III केवल I और III

  4. All three together are not sufficien तीनो एक साथ भी पर्याप्त नहीं हैं

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नही

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

With all three statements together: Marked Price = 600, first discount = 20%, Selling Price = 400. After first discount: 600 × 0.8 = 480. Second discount = (480-400)/480 = 16.67%. All three statements together ARE sufficient to find the second discount, so option D ('not sufficient') is false, making option E correct.

Multiple choice
  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I < Quantity II

  3. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  4. Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or no relation

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Net discount factor = 0.9 * 0.8 = 0.72. Final price = 1600 * 0.72 = Rs 1152. Discount = 1600 - 1152 = Rs 448. Quantity II: Net discount factor = 0.96 * 0.85 * 0.9 = 0.7344. Final price = 1600 * 0.7344 = Rs 1175.04. Discount = 1600 - 1175.04 = Rs 424.96. Since 448 > 424.96, Quantity I > Quantity II is correct.

Multiple choice
  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: CP = 175,000. MP = 175,000 × 1.4 = 245,000. After 20% discount: SP = 245,000 × 0.8 = 196,000. Quantity II: SP at 20% profit = 252,000, so CP = 252,000/1.2 = 210,000. Comparing: Quantity II (210,000) > Quantity I (196,000).

Multiple choice
  1. 240 Rs 240 रुपये

  2. 230 Rs 230 रुपये

  3. 220 Rs

  4. 250 Rs 250 रुपये

  5. 196 Rs 196 रुपये

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of each article be x. Marked price = 1.4x. Article A sold at 30% discount = 0.98x. Article B sold at 35 more than A = 0.98x + 35. Total CP = 2x, total SP = 1.96x + 35. Profit = 5% of 2x = 0.1x. So 1.96x + 35 = 2.1x, giving x = 250. Distractors A, B, C, E are calculation errors.

Multiple choice
  1. Quantity : I > Quantity : II मात्रा : I > मात्रा : II

  2. Quantity : I ≥ Quantity : II मात्रा : I ≥ मात्रा : II

  3. Quantity : I < Quantity : II मात्रा : I < मात्रा : II

  4. Quantity : II ≥ Quantity : I मात्रा : II ≥ मात्रा : I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or relation can't be established मात्रा I = मात्रा II या संबंध स्थापित नहीं किया जा सकता

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: SP with CP = 40,000 and profit = 25% is 40,000 + 0.25 * 40,000 = 50,000. Quantity II: SP with CP = 50,000 and loss = 20% is 50,000 - 0.20 * 50,000 = 40,000. Comparing: Quantity I (50,000) > Quantity II (40,000).

Multiple choice
  1. 2268

  2. 2324

  3. 2304

  4. 2686

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is a complex profit and loss problem with percentage increases and successive discounts. The shopkeeper increases the marked price by 125% (so new MP = 2.25 × CP). First discount scenario: 25%, 20%, 11.11% successive discounts. Second discount scenario: 33.33%, 16.67%, 12.5% successive discounts. The difference in profit is Rs 255. Working through the calculations gives CP = Rs 2304. The key is understanding successive discounts and setting up the profit equation correctly.

Multiple choice
  1. 417.5

  2. 112.5

  3. 365.5

  4. 526.9

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be Rs x. Instead of marking up 20%, the company discounted by 20%, so tagged price = 0.8x. Additional 6.25% discount means final selling price = 0.8x × 0.9375 = 0.75x. This represents a 25% loss, so 0.25x = Rs 37.5, giving x = Rs 150. Selling price = 0.75 × 150 = Rs 112.5. Option B is correct.

Multiple choice
  1. 28,306

  2. 26,524

  3. 28,000

  4. 26,980

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Working backwards from customer price of 31,482: Manufacturer sells at cost C with 6% profit, so wholesaler pays 1.06C. Wholesaler sells to retailer at 8% profit: 1.06C × 1.08 = 1.1448C. Retailer sells to customer at 10% profit: 1.1448C × 1.10 = 1.25928C = 31,482. So C = 31,482/1.25928 = 25,004.43. None of the given options (28,306, 26,524, 28,000, 26,980) match this. Option E is correct.

Multiple choice
  1. 11.25

  2. 16.21

  3. 14.85

  4. 13.27

  5. 16.5

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The successive discounts are 10%, then 50% of 10% = 5%, then 40% of 5% = 2%. To find the equivalent single discount, calculate: 1 - (1-0.10)(1-0.05)(1-0.02) = 1 - (0.90)(0.95)(0.98) = 1 - 0.8379 = 0.1621 or 16.21%. This represents the total reduction from the original price.