Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A man bought a watch for 12% discount. If he had bought it for 24% discount, he would have got the watch for ₹ 2400 less. The marked price of the watch is:
  1. $₹ 30,000$
  2. $₹ 22,500$
  3. $₹ 20,000$
  4. $₹ 25,000$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The difference between 24% and 12% discount is 12% of the marked price, which equals ₹2400. Therefore marked price = 2400 × 100/12 = ₹20,000. Verification: 12% of 20000 = ₹2400, 24% of 20000 = ₹4800, difference = ₹2400. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

A dishonest trader says to customers that he sells his goods at a cost price, but he uses a false weight and gains 12.5\% as profit. How many grams does he use to weigh 1 kg ?

  1. 900 g

  2. 880.5 g

  3. 850 g

  4. 888.8 g
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

If the trader gains 12.5%, he gives only 1000/1.125 = 888.89 grams for every 1000 grams. Using the percentage gain formula: actual weight = (true weight / (100 + profit%)) × 100 = (1000/112.5) × 100 = 888.8 grams. This is the false weight he uses.

Multiple choice

The marked price of a chair is ₹2,400, which is 20% above the cost price. If the chair is sold at a discount of 10% on the marked price, what is the profit percentage?

  1. 10%

  2. 8%

  3. 9%

  4. 26.2%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. MP = 120 (20% above CP). Discount = 10% on MP, so SP = 108. Profit = 8 on CP of 100 = 8%. Option B matches. Option A (10%) incorrectly ignores the 20% markup before discount. Option D (26.2%) miscalculates the markup.

Multiple choice

A cell phone was bought for Rs 18,400 after getting a discount of 8% on its marked price. What is the marked price of the cell phone?

  1. Rs. 20,500

  2. Rs. 19,000

  3. Rs. 19,500

  4. Rs. 20,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Selling price after 8% discount = Rs 18,400. Let marked price be M. Then M - 0.08M = 18,400, so 0.92M = 18,400. Therefore M = 18,400 ÷ 0.92 = Rs 20,000. Option A incorrectly adds 8% to 18,400 directly, option B uses wrong base, and option C miscalculates the discount amount.

Multiple choice

Ram purchases two watches for Rs.3,500. By selling one watch at a profit of 25 percent and the other at a loss of 10 percent he neither earns profit nor suffers loss in the whole transaction. What is the cost price of each watch?

  1. Rs. 1500 and Rs. 2000

  2. Rs. 1500 and Rs. 1720

  3. Rs. 1000 and Rs. 2500

  4. Rs. 1250 and Rs. 2250
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost prices be x and y, where x + y = 3500. Selling one at 25% profit: 1.25x. Selling other at 10% loss: 0.9y. Total: 1.25x + 0.9y = 3500 (no profit, no loss). Substitute y = 3500 - x: 1.25x + 0.9(3500 - x) = 3500. 1.25x + 3150 - 0.9x = 3500. 0.35x = 350. x = 1000. Then y = 3500 - 1000 = 2500. The cost prices are Rs. 1000 and Rs. 2500, matching option C.

Multiple choice

Vikram allows two successive discounts of 20% and 10% on the marked price of a book, which is equal to a single discount of Rs. 252. Then how much profit will vikram get, on that book, if the cost price is Rs. 600 ?

  1. Rs. 72

  2. Rs. 56

  3. Rs. 48

  4. Rs. 54
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Two successive discounts of 20% and 10% give effective discount: 1 - (0.8 × 0.9) = 1 - 0.72 = 0.28 or 28%. Single discount of Rs 252 = 28% of marked price, so MP = 252/0.28 = 900. Selling price after discounts = 900 - 252 = 648. Profit = 648 - 600 = 48.

Multiple choice

An article is sold for Rs.1450 at a loss of 20%. What is the cost price of the article? एक वस्तु को रू.1450 में बेचने पर 20%. की हानि होती है | वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या है ?

  1. Rs.1812.5

  2. Rs.1740

  3. Rs.1522.5

  4. Rs.1680

  5. Rs.1712.5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

At 20% loss, selling price is 80% of cost price. Therefore CP = 1450/0.8 = Rs.1812.5. Verification: 20% of 1812.5 = 362.5, and 1812.5 - 362.5 = 1450, which matches the given selling price.

Multiple choice

A man finds that the the cost price of 2750 articles is same as selling price of 2500 articles. Find profit or loss%. एक व्यक्ति पाता है, कि 2750 वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य 2500 वस्तुओं के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर है। लाभ / हानि % ज्ञात करें?

  1. 15.5 %

  2. 14 %

  3. 12.5 %

  4. 10 %

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of each article = c, SP = s. Given: 2750c = 2500s, so s/c = 2750/2500 = 11/10 = 1.1. Profit% = (SP - CP)/CP × 100 = (s/c - 1) × 100 = (1.1 - 1) × 100 = 10%. The gain comes from selling fewer articles at the same total revenue.

Multiple choice

The questions given below contain two statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question? What is the per kg. selling price of rice? (I) 50 kg. of rice is bought for Rs. 3350 and Rs. 150 is spent on transport. (II) Profit percent was 5%.

  1. statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient.

  2. statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient.

  3. each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient.

  4. statement I and II together are not sufficient.

  5. both statement together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I gives the cost price per kg (Rs. 70 after including transport), but without the profit percentage we cannot calculate the selling price. Statement II provides the profit percent (5%) but lacks the cost price. When combined, SP = CP × (1 + profit/100) = 70 × 1.05 = Rs. 73.50 per kg. The correct answer is that both statements together are sufficient, but neither alone is sufficient.

Multiple choice

A book dealer purchased 2500 books for Rs.150000. When he sold the book to retailer then he gave 200 books free for specimen and also allowed a discount of 20% on the mark price and give 1 book free for every purchase of 22 books. Find the amount of profit or loss if the M.R.P. of each book is Rs.120 एक किताब विक्रेता 2500 किताबें 150,000 रू. में खरीदता है। अब वह इन्हें फुटकर विक्रेता को बेचता है तो वह 200 किताबें नमूने के लिए मुफ्त में देता है और अंकित मूल्य पर 20 प्रतिशत की छूट देता है तथा प्रत्येक 22 किताबें खरीदने पर 1 किताब मुफ्त में देता है। कुल लाभ या हानि की गणना कीजिए यदि प्रत्येक किताब का अंकित मूल्य 120 रू. है।

  1. 41800 Profit/लाभ

  2. 61200 Profit/लाभ

  3. 62400 Loss/हानि

  4. 4800 Loss/हानि
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = Rs. 150,000 for 2500 books. Effective salable books = 2300 (after 200 free specimens). Discounted price = 120 × 0.8 = Rs. 96. Free books scheme: 1 free per 22, so for every 23 books, customer pays for 22. From 2300 books: 2300/23 = 100 sets, giving 100 free books. Total paid books = 2300 - 100 = 2200. Revenue = 2200 × 96 = Rs. 211,200. Profit = 211,200 - 150,000 = Rs. 61,200.

Multiple choice

A company gives a discount of 15% on list price to its customers making a profit of 129%. When production cost increases by 12%, company issues new list price which was 10% above the earlier. If the company continues to give the discount of 15%, then find the profit percent at new production cost. एक कम्पनी अंकित मूल्य पर 15% की छूट देकर अपने ग्राहकों से 19% का लाभ प्राप्त करता है। जब उत्पादन कीमत में 12% की वृद्धि की जाती है, कम्पनी नया अंकित मूल्य जारी करती है जोकि पिछली कीमत से 10% अधिक है। यदि कम्पनी 15% की छूट देना जारी रखती है, तो नयी उत्पादन कीमत पर लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिए।

  1. 16.275%

  2. 16.50%

  3. 16.625%

  4. 16.875%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let original cost = 100. With 15% discount and 19% profit, selling price = 119, so list price = 119/0.85 = 140. New cost = 112 (12% increase). New list price = 154 (10% above 140). After 15% discount, new selling price = 154 × 0.85 = 130.9. New profit = (130.9 - 112) / 112 = 0.16875 or 16.875%.

Multiple choice

Titu makes 750 articles at a cost of 60 paise per article. He fixes the selling price such that if only 600 articles are sold, he would have made a profit of 40% on the outley. However, 120 articles got spoilt and he was able to sell 630 articles at this price. Find his actual profit percent as the percentage of total outlay assuming that the unsold articles are useless. टीटू 750 वस्तुएं 60 पैसे प्रति वस्तु की दर से बनाता है | वह विक्रय मूल्य को इस तरह से रखता है कि यदि 600 वस्तुएं बेचीं जायं, वह 40% का लाभ प्राप्त करता है | जबकि 120 वस्तुएं नष्ट हो जाती है और वह 630 वस्तुओं को इसी मूल्य पर बेच पाता था |उसका वास्तविक लाभ ज्ञात कीजिये कुल वस्तुओं के सापेक्ष यह मानकर कि न बेचे गयीं वस्तुएं बेकार हैं |

  1. 42%

  2. 53%

  3. 47%

  4. 46%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = 750 × 0.60 = Rs. 450. Target 40% profit means selling 600 items for Rs. 630, so price per item = Rs. 1.05. Actually, 630 items sold at Rs. 1.05 gives Rs. 661.50, yielding profit = (661.50 - 450)/450 × 100 = 47%.

Multiple choice

The question given below contains two statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question? Mark answer Find the profit percent of shopkeeper- I-On selling 15 articles he gets a profit equals to discount given by him on purchase of 30 articles. II-He sells item at cost price but uses a false weight of 4500 grams instead of 4.8 Kg.

  1. If statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient

  2. If statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient

  3. If each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient

  4. If statement I and II together are not sufficient

  5. If both statement together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I compares profit to discount but doesn't give any concrete values or relationships. Without knowing the discount percentage or markup, we cannot determine profit percent. Statement I is insufficient. Statement II: The shopkeeper uses false weight of 4500 grams instead of 4800 grams (4.8 kg). This means he gives only 4500/4800 = 0.9375 or 93.75% of the promised quantity while charging for 100%. The profit is (4800 - 4500)/4500 = 300/4500 = 6.67%. Statement II alone is sufficient.

Multiple choice

The questions given below contain two statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question? Mark answer- What is the profit percent? (I) 45 articles were sold. (II) The cost price of 12 articles is equal to the selling price of 8 articles.

  1. If statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient.

  2. If statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient.

  3. If each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient.

  4. If statement I and II together are not sufficient.

  5. If both statements together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: 45 articles sold. This tells nothing about cost or selling price. Not sufficient. Statement II: CP of 12 articles = SP of 8 articles. Let CP of each article = c, SP = s. Then 12c = 8s, so s/c = 12/8 = 3/2 = 1.5. Profit = SP - CP = 1.5c - c = 0.5c. Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100 = (0.5c/c) × 100 = 50%. Statement II alone is sufficient. Answer B is correct.