Chemistry · Biology

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

1,643 Questions

Engage with critical pharmacology and therapeutics questions covering drug classifications and therapeutic mechanisms. Topics include chemical absorption, medication formulations, and pharmacogenomics. This collection is useful for students preparing for medical entrance, nursing, and science competitive examinations.

Chemical absorption routesDrug formulation typesMedication mechanismsEnzyme inhibitorsPharmacogenomic tests

Pharmacology and Therapeutics Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a competitive inhibitor?

  1. Malonate

  2. Fluoroacetate

  3. Fumarate

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Malonate is the competitive inhibitor that competes with the succinate DHG enzyme where succinate is the substrate and fumarate is the product.

Multiple choice botany reproductive morphology significance of fruits fruit plants: structure and function

Sarpgandha is mainly used to cure

  1. Blood pressure

  2. Dysentry

  3. Fever

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sarpgandha is a flower species from the family Apocynaceae. The flowers are mostly white or violet in colour. It is known for its medicinal properties such as treatment of the following disease:

  • snake and spider bites
  • controls dysentry
  • helpful in insomnia
  • helps in reducing high blood pressure
  • Able to maintain mensuration,
  • Help cure to fever and mental disorders.

So the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice botany reproductive morphology significance of fruits fruit plants: structure and function

Which of the following disorder can be treated by bahera?

  1. Stomach disorder

  2. Asthma

  3. Skin related disorder

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bahera is a large deciduous tree. It has many medicinal properties. Its dried fruits are used in stomach disorders, sore throat, asthma, inflammation and in diseases related to eyes, nose, bladder and heart. Its seeds are useful in corneal ulcers. It is also very useful is leprosy and fever. The seed oil gives excellent results in skin diseases and premature greying of hair.

So the correct option is 'Both A and B'.

Multiple choice limestone uses of group 2 compounds group 2 industrial inorganic chemistry chemistry

State True or False.
Caphosol a supersaturated calcium phosphate solution is used in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis caused by chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A supersaturated calcium phosphate solution such as Caphosol may be used in the prevention and treatment of oral mucosits caused by chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Multiple choice drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action medicinal chemistry chemistry in everyday life chemistry body defense system

Drugs which bind strongly to the active site of an enzyme and do not depend upon the concentration of natural substrate are called as:

  1. competitive inhibitors

  2. non-competitive inhibitors
  3. $\beta$-blockers
  4. $\alpha$-blockers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Competitive inhibitors are the interruption of a chemical pathway owing to one chemical substance inhibiting the effect of another by competing with it for binding or bonding.

These drugs bind to active sites and do not depend on the concentration of natural substrate.

Multiple choice drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action medicinal chemistry chemistry in everyday life chemistry body defense system

Drugs which supplement (or) substitute for chemical messengers are :

  1. antagonists

  2. agonists

  3. blocking chemicals

  4. all
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An agonist is a chemical that binds to some receptor of a cell and triggers a response by that cell. Agonists often mimic the action of a naturally occurring substance. Whereas an agonist causes an action, an antagonist blocks the action of the agonist and an inverse agonist causes an action opposite to that of the agonist. So agonist drugs copy the action of the chemical messengers thereby substituting them.

Multiple choice drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action medicinal chemistry chemistry in everyday life chemistry body defense system

Antagonistic drug displaces an agonist at that receptor it seemingly deactivates it thereby reversing the effect of the agonist.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antagonists bind to receptors and block the action of agonists, effectively deactivating the receptor response or preventing the agonist from binding.

Multiple choice drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action medicinal chemistry chemistry in everyday life chemistry body defense system

What are the substances which mimic the natural chemical messengers?

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Antagonist

  3. Agonists

  4. Recepter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Agonists are the chemicals that bind to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce a biological response Whereas an agonist causes an action, an antagonist blocks the action of the against and an inverse against causes an action opposite to that of the against Therefore it is a substance which mimics the natural chemical messengers.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{C}$

Multiple choice drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action medicinal chemistry chemistry in everyday life chemistry body defense system

Agonists can:

  1. inhibit function of receptors

  2. mimic natural chemical messengers

  3. help transfer of message to receptors

  4. inhibit the catalytic activity of the enzyme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Agonist: A substance that acts like another substance and therefore stimulates an action. Agonist is the opposite of antagonist. Antagonists and agonists are key players in the chemistry of the human body and in pharmacology.

An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce a biological response. Whereas an agonist causes an action, an antagonist blocks the action of the agonist and an inverse agonist causes an action opposite to that of the agonist.
Receptors can be activated by either endogenous (such as hormones and neurotransmitters) or exogenous (such as drugs) agonists, resulting in a biological response. A physiological agonist is a substance that creates the same bodily responses but does not bind to the same receptor.