Tag: significance of fruits

The most important foods for human survival includes vegetables, cereals, fruits, pulses and oil seeds. Most of these are fruits. For example, caryopsis is popularly called as grain and is the fruit typical of the family Poaceae (or Gramineae), which includes wheat, rice, and corn. Considering that the fruit wall and the seed are intimately fused into a single unit, and the caryopsis or grain is a dry fruit, little concern is given to technically separating the terms "fruit" and "seed" in these plant structures. So, most important foods are derived from fruits and not from stem, leaves and roots. Thus, option B is correct.

Water melon is a Pepo fruit. Berries are another type of fleshy fruit, they are simple fruit created from a single ovary. The ovary may be compound, with several carpels. Pepo are berries where the skin is hardened.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

When the septa between the locules of the capsule split and the fruit opens to release the seeds, then this type of dehiscence is called as septicidal dehiscence. For example, Datura. The fruit of Datura is septicidal capsule but its dehiscence is of septifragal nature in which placenta remains attached in the centre of undivided fruit and pericarp's segment becomes separated.

Plantain has a water latex. The plantain is a crop from the genus Musa. Its fruits are edible and are generally used for cooking. The plantain will only fruit once. After harvesting the fruit, the plantain plant can be cut and the layers peeled (like an onion) to get a cylinder shaped soft shoot. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Latex as found in nature is a milky fluid found in 10% of all flowering plants (angiosperms). It is a complex emulsion consisting of proteins, alkaloids, starches, sugars, oils, tannins, resins and gums that coagulate on exposure to air. It is usually exuded after tissue injury. 

Fruit of groundnut is a lomentum. Lomentum is a simple, dry, schizocarpic fruit. The fruit is constricted or partitioned between seeds into a number of one-seeded compartments. The fruit breaks into one seeded indehiscent segments. 

Pepo (berries) is a type of fleshy fruit. They are simple fruit created from a single ovary. In pepo, the berry skin is leathery as in Cucurbitaceae family.
So, the correct answer is 'Cucurbitaceae'

Seeds have three requirements for germination. These are water (during absorption and subsequent stages of growth), oxygen (for respiration) and temperatures (for metabolism and growth). In addition, light may or may not be necessary for germination.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Caryopsis is a type of simple dry fruit that has one seed or monocarpellate (formed from a single carpel) and indehiscent (not opening at maturity). In a caryopsis, the pericarp is fused with the thin seed coat and the fruit wall and the seed are intimately fused into a single unit example Maize
So, the correct answer is 'one seeded fruit'

Oil glands are present in many plants. They are made of small groups of thin walled cells which are full of cytoplasmic contents. These cells possess secretory activities. Such, secretions are collected in cavities which are developed either schizogenously or lysigenously. Schizogenous cavity is formed by separation of cells at middle lamellae. Lysigenous cavity is made by dissolution of cells. Schizogenous oil glands are present in leaves and bark of Eucalyptus plant. Lysigenous oil glands are present pericarp of fruits of Citrus.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.