Nutrition and Food Sources

Proteins are the body building nutrients. Cell is the building block of our body. Most of the structures of the cells are formed with protein. Without protein no cell can be formed and be functional. So, proteins are called the body building nutrients.

The chickpea or chick pea is a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. It is also known as gram, or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean, and sometimes known as Egyptian pea, ceci, cece or chana, or Kabuli chana. It is the major source of proteins and not of carbohydrates. Wheat, rice and sorghum are the sources of carbohydrates. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Human food should consist of a variety of nutrients such as carbohydrates, minerals, fats, proteins, vitamins and fibre. However, carbohydrates provides the human body with maximum energy. Carbohydrates are broken down to various forms of glucose which acts as the best source of energy. A diet rich in carbohydrates includes potatoes, both white and sweet and rice (mainly brown rice) and foods made from whole wheat.

Golden rice is a variety of rice (Oryza sativa) produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice. The research was conducted with the goal of producing a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary vitamin A, a deficiency which is estimated to kill 670,000 children under the age of 5 each year.
Golden rice differs from its parental strain by the addition of three beta-carotene biosynthesis genes. 

Ragi is highly valued for its nutritional content, being rich in calcium, iron, and fiber, which makes it a very healthy food grain.

Cod and shark liver oils are rich in vitamins A and D (protective) and fats (constructive/energy-providing), making them both protective and constructive nutrients.

The glucose stored in the liver serves as a buffer for blood glucose levels. Therefore, if the blood glucose levels start to get low because person has not consumed food for a period of time, the liver is able to release glucose into the bloodstream to maintain healthy levels. If the body reserves of glucose deplete, a process called gluconeogenesis will take place. During gluconeogenesis, glucose is synthesized from molecules that are not carbohydrates. 

Unhealthy food is often high in calories, which can lead to weight gain. Fat is the term used here to describe this physical result.

A balanced diet including complex carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats found in cereals, eggs, and yogurt provides sustained energy for focus.

A banana is a whole food rich in vitamins, fiber, and natural sugars, making it a healthy snack compared to processed items like chips or chocolate.

Pumpkin, carrots, and apricots are all rich in beta-carotene and other nutrients that support eye health.

Plant fiber (dietary fiber) is a prebiotic that feeds beneficial gut bacteria, promoting a diverse and healthy microbiome. Meat and simple sugars do not provide the same benefit for microbial diversity.