Modern Indian History

Gandhi's autobiography is titled 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth' (Satya ke Prayog athava Atmakatha), originally written in Gujarati. It details his spiritual and political journey from childhood to 1921.

Pingali Venkayya (also spelled Venkaiah) designed the Indian National Flag in 1921. He was a freedom fighter from Andhra Pradesh who presented the design to Mahatma Gandhi. The flag was adopted in its present form on July 22, 1947. Tagore, Bankim Chandra, and Gandhi were cultural leaders, not flag designers.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, was born on 14 April 1891 in Mhow (now Dr. Ambedkar Nagar) in Madhya Pradesh. His birth anniversary is celebrated as Ambedkar Jayanti across India. The other dates and years mentioned are incorrect.

In India, Children's Day is celebrated on November 14th to mark the birth anniversary of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister. Nehru was fond of children and worked for their education and welfare, which is why his birthday is celebrated as Children's Day in India.

Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, was affectionately called "Chacha Nehru" (Chacha means Uncle in Hindi) by children across India. His birthday, November 14, is celebrated as Children's Day in India. He genuinely loved children and believed in their welfare, which earned him this endearing nickname.

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, when British troops fired on unarmed Indian civilians. This is a landmark event in Indian independence history.

Annie Besant founded the Home Rule League in 1916. While Tilak also started a Home Rule League, Annie Besant was the primary founder mentioned in most textbooks.

The capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to New Delhi in 1912. This was announced in 1911 and completed in 1912.

The Salt Satyagraha (Salt March) was indeed launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 as a protest against the British salt tax. Gandhi led a 240-mile march to the Arabian Sea coast at Dandi, where he famously made salt by evaporating seawater, defying British law. Sarojini Naidu also participated but Gandhi was the leader.

The Quit India Movement (also known as the August Movement) was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942, during the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay. The movement demanded an end to British rule in India and was a major escalation in the independence struggle. The slogan 'Do or Die' became associated with this movement.

Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat. Porbandar is a coastal city in Gujarat and was his birthplace and ancestral home.

This is a very specific historical detail about Gandhi's early years in South Africa that cannot be definitively verified without access to primary historical sources. The claimed answer is accepted as plausible but cannot be confirmed.

Gandhi returned to India from South Africa on January 9, 1915, landing at Apollo Bunder in Bombay (now Mumbai). He had spent 21 years in South Africa and returned as a transformed leader.