Modern Indian History

Ilaiyaraaja composed his first piece for Jawaharlal Nehru's death - it was a musical elegy with lyrics by Tamil poet laureate Kannadasan. This is a well-documented fact in Tamil cinema history and Ilaiyaraaja's early career, marking his first significant composition.

The Quit India Resolution was passed in the Bombay Session of August 1942. Lahore Session (1929) passed the Purna Swaraj resolution, Calcutta Session saw several important decisions including the Subhas Chandra Bose election, and Lucknow Session (1916) is famous for the Congress-League pact.

Lal Bahadur Shastri coined the slogan 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan' (Hail the Soldier, Hail the Farmer) in 1965 during the India-Pakistan war. It was meant to boost morale and emphasize the importance of soldiers defending the border and farmers feeding the nation during a time of crisis.

Nirmal Hriday (Pure Heart) is the home for the dying and destitute founded by Mother Teresa in Kolkata. Aurobindo founded the ashram in Pondicherry, Vivekananda founded Ramakrishna Mission, and Annie Besant was a theosophist.

Dadabhai Naoroji was known as the 'Grand Old Man of India' for his contributions to the Indian independence movement and as one of the founders of the Indian National Congress. He was also the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament. Gokhale was known as the 'mentor of Gandhi' and Tilak was called 'Lokmanya', while Sardar Patel was known as the 'Iron Man of India'.

Rabindranath Tagore, the Nobel laureate poet, famously said 'If you want to know India, study Vivekananda.' This quote reflects how Vivekananda represented India's spiritual heritage at the 1893 Parliament of World's Religions. Tagore recognized Vivekananda as the embodiment of India's cultural and philosophical depth to the Western world.

Barack Obama wrote 'Dreams from My Father' before his political career, exploring his mixed heritage and early life. The memoir reflects on his childhood in Hawaii and Indonesia, and his journey to understand his racial identity. The other options were prominent Indian leaders who wrote different autobiographies.

Shah Rukh Khan was born on November 2, 1965. This is a factual biographical detail about the Bollywood actor. The other options (1963, 1964, 1966) are incorrect.

Bhagat Singh wrote the famous essay 'Why I am an Atheist' in 1930 while imprisoned in Lahore Central Jail. The essay explains his rationalist philosophy and rejection of religious dogma, reflecting his intellectual journey toward atheism.

The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942, during the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay. It was a mass civil disobedience movement demanding immediate end to British rule. The movement continued until 1944 despite brutal suppression.

The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 reorganized Indian state boundaries along linguistic lines. This followed the report of the States Reorganisation Commission and created states based on language majority, such as Andhra Pradesh for Telugu speakers. 1947 was independence year, 1951 was close to the first general election.

The Quit India Resolution was passed by the Indian National Congress in the Bombay Session on August 8, 1942. This historic session marked the launch of the final phase of the freedom struggle with Gandhi's 'Do or Die' call for immediate independence.

'A Bunch of Old Letters' is a collection of letters written by Jawaharlal Nehru, mostly to his daughter Indira Gandhi, covering the period from 1922 to 1938. These letters provide insights into Nehru's thoughts on various historical events, his political awakening, and his philosophical perspectives during India's freedom struggle.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. This date is well-documented across biographical sources and is commemorated as his birth anniversary. August 15, 1931 would be Independence Day, December 25 is Christmas, and January 1 is New Year's Day - none of which are his birth date.

'Wings of Fire: An Autobiography of Abdul Kalam' is Dr. Kalam's inspirational autobiography, co-authored with Arun Tiwari. It chronicles his early life, education, and work in India's missile and space programs. 'My Experiments with Truth' is Gandhi's autobiography, 'My Struggle' is associated with other figures, and 'India for Indians' is not Kalam's work.