Modern Indian History

Jamshetji Nusserwanji Tata was born on March 3, 1839, making option C correct. This date is well-documented in historical records. The other years are incorrect - he was active in the late 19th century, founding Tata Group in 1868.

Sudhir Ghosh wrote the book "Gandhiji's Emissary" published in 2007. The book chronicles the life and work of Jugal Kishore Birla, a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi. Sudhir Ghosh is a former diplomat who served as India's Ambassador to several countries and has written several historical works.

Jawaharlal Nehru was the second Individual Satyagrahi, chosen after Vinoba Bhave launched the movement in October 1940. Rajendra Prasad, Rajagopalachari, and Vallabhbhai Patel were all prominent leaders who participated later in the movement but Nehru was specifically the second satyagrahi. The movement was a limited form of protest against British rule without mass mobilization.

Individual Satyagraha (1940-1941) was a limited form of protest chosen by Gandhi during WWII. Vinoba Bhave was first (October 1940), and Jawaharlal Nehru was second, chosen after Vinoba's arrest. Nehru's selection was significant as he represented a younger, more militant approach to independence.

RBI was nationalized on January 1, 1949, when it became fully owned by the Government of India. Before nationalization, RBI was privately owned with shareholders. 1947 was India's independence year, while 1943 and 1940 are unrelated dates.

'India Divided' is a book by Rajendra Prasad, published in 1946, arguing against partition and highlighting Hindu-Muslim unity. It's a significant political document from the independence era. Gurcharan Das wrote 'India Unbound', and Abul Kalam Azad wrote 'India Wins Freedom'.

'My Truth' is the autobiography of Indira Gandhi, published in 1980. It covers her early life, political journey, and personal perspectives. Mahatma Gandhi wrote 'My Experiments with Truth', and A.B. Vajpayee wrote autobiographical works but not this title.

Nathuram Godse, who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi in 1948, expressed Hindu nationalist ideology about a unified India. The quote reflects sentiments about the Sindhu (Indus) river, which flows through Pakistan, territory some Hindu nationalists hoped would reunify with India. Gokhale was a moderate leader, Batukeshwar Dutt was a revolutionary who did not express such territorial nationalism, and Tagore was a universalist opposed to narrow nationalism.

The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie in 1848. It allowed the British East India Company to annex any princely state where the ruler died without a male heir. Wellesley introduced the Subsidiary Alliance, not Doctrine of Lapse.

Mahatma Gandhi was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1921. This was during the Non-Cooperation Movement period when Gandhi had become the undisputed leader of the freedom struggle.

Mahatma Gandhi wrote his autobiography 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth' (Satya Na Prayogo Athav Atmakatha) in Gujarati. It was originally serialized in his journal Navajivan and later translated into English by Mahadev Desai.

During his early years in South Africa, several Christian missionaries attempted to convert Gandhi to Christianity. A. W. Baker was one such missionary who tried to persuade Gandhi to embrace Christianity.

Mahatma Gandhi nominated Abbas Tyabji to lead the Dandi March in case he was arrested. Tyabji was a respected freedom fighter and former judge who Gandhi trusted to continue the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Gandhi translated John Ruskin's 'Unto This Last' into Gujarati and titled it 'Sarvodaya' (welfare of all). This book deeply influenced Gandhi's economic philosophy emphasizing the welfare of the poorest sections of society.