Modern Indian Historical Figures

Guru Nanak renamed him as Angad, and installed him as his successor on 13 June 1539. Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. His discipleship was subjected to various tests by Guru Nanak Sahib after which he came to be known as the the symbol of obedience and service to humanity which earned him the position of second Guru of the Sikh faith.

The Cabinet Mission of 1946 consisted of Lord Pethick-Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps, and A.V. Alexander. Hugh Gaitskell was not a member of this mission.

The partition involved the division of three provinces, Assam, Bengal, and Punjab, based on district-wide Hindu or Muslim majorities. The boundary demarcating India and Pakistan became known as the Radcliffe Line. It was named after its architect, Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who, as the joint chairman of the two boundary commissions for the two provinces, received the responsibility to equitably divide 450,000 km of territory with 88 million people.

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the leader of the Sukarchakya Misal, which eventually became the foundation of the Sikh Empire in Punjab.

Banda Bahadur was a Sikh military commander who established a Sikh state with capital at Lohgarh. He led a revolt against the Mughals after the assassination of Guru Gobind Singh. He was captured and executed during the reign of Farrukh Siyar on 9th June 1716.

Following the victory at Sirhind in 1710, Banda Singh Bahadur appointed Baz Singh as the governor (subedar) of Sirhind.

During the siege of Lohgarh, Gulab Singh helped Banda Singh Bahadur escape by wearing his clothes and taking his place, allowing Banda to slip away safely.

Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah I personally led the campaign against the Sikhs and sent his commanders to suppress the uprising led by Banda Singh Bahadur.

In Second World War when the British government of India immediately joined the war without consulting the National Congress or the elected members of the Central Legislature. The Congress leaders asked how it was possible for an enslaved nation to aid others in their fight for freedom. They, therefore demanded that India must be declared free or at least have effective power before it could actively participate in the War. Lord Linlithgow, the Viceroy, could not give any such assurance. He declared Dominion Status as the goal of British Policy in India.

A change of government took place in Britain in May 1940. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister and Leo Amery took over as Secretary of State for India.

On March 11, 1942, the British Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill made an announcement in the House of Commons that a member of the War Cabinet, Sir Stafford Cripps, would go to India " to satisfy himself upon the spot by personal consultation that the declaration upon which we agreed, and which we believe represents a just and final solution, will achieve its purposes, Sir Stafford Cripps was a socialist.

The leader of the Satara Parallel government was "Kratisimha" Nana Patil, who later joined the Communist party and was elected to the Lok Sabha on the CPI ticket from Satara in 1957 and again from Beed in 1967. British rule was effectively overthrown in large parts of Satara district of Western Maharashtra during those three years. The Parallel government movement was a guerrilla type of struggle , and it operated in over 150 villages with solid peasant support. There were raids on taluka treasuries and armouries. The Prati Sarkar took over many of the functions of the government. The parallel government established many public utilities like a market system , supply and distribution of food - grains and a judicial system to settle disputes and penalise dacoits and robbers, pawnbrokers and money lenders.

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is a Government of India organization responsible for archaeological research, conservation and preservation of cultural monuments in the country. It was founded during British Raj in 1861 by Sir Alexander Cunningham who also became its first Director-General. Cunningham retired in 1885 and was succeeded by James Burgess as next Director General.

Farrukh-Siyar was the Mughal emperor of India between 1713 and 1719. In 1717, the British East India Company purchased duty-free trading rights in all of Bengal from him. He issued a farman giving the British East India Company the right to reside and trade in the Mughal kingdom.