Modern Indian Historical Figures

The army was first formed in 1942 under Mohan Singh.

Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, popularly known as Sam Bahadur ("Sam the Brave"), was the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971 and was subsequently the first Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of field marshal. His distinguished military career spanned four decades and five wars, beginning with service in the British Indian Army in World War II. 

The Governor General at the time of the Second Anglo-Sikh war was Lord Dalhousie. During the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1848, Lord Dalhousie attacked the Sikhs who lost heavily and had to surrender in March 1849. Punjab was annexed to the British territory and became known as the North-West Frontier province of India.

First Anglo-Sikh war was fought between the years 1845 – 1846. The war was fought between Sikh Empire and East India Company. Lord Harding was the Governor General during the First Anglo-Sikh War. 

First Anglo-Sikh war was fought between the years 1845 and 1846. It resulted in the partial subjugation of the Sikh kingdom. During this period, Lal Singh was the prime minister and Tej Singh became the commander of the army. 

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the founder of the Sikh Empire who ruled the north-west Indian subcontinent in the early half of the 19th century. He was proclaimed as the "Maharaja of Punjab" at age 21.

Edwin Samuel Montagu served as Secretary of State for India between 1917 and 1922. On 20 August 1917, he made a historic declaration in the House of Commons defining the goal of British policies in India. In the previous month, he had made a scathing attack on the whole system by which India was being administered in a debate in British House of Commons. It is also known as August Declaration of 1917.

Duke Memorandum is associated with Sir William Duke, a member of the English Round Table Group and he had formulated a scheme which eventually became the basis of Joint Report of Montague and Chelmsford. “The Duke Memorandum” became the basis of Mont-Ford Reforms.

On 20 February l947, Prime Minister Atlee announced in the House of Commons the definite intention of the British Government to transfer power to responsible Indian hands by a date not later than June 1948. Thus, to effect the transference of that power Atlee decided to send Lord Mountbatten as Viceroy to India. Lord Mountbatten armed with vast powers became India's Viceroy on 24 March 1947. The partition of India and the creation of Pakistan appeared inevitable to him. After extensive consultation, Lord Mountbatten put forth the plan of partition of India on 3 June 1947. The Congress and the Muslim League ultimately approved the Mountbatten Plan.

In June 1947, Britain commissioned Sir Cyril Radcliffe to head the two Boundary Commissions (one for Punjab and the other for Bengal), to determine which territories will be assigned to which nation. Hence, Option A is correct. Among the rest of the options, Mc Mohan Commission set down the Indo-Tibetan Boundary, General Campbell inspected the aftermath of the Orissa famine in 1865. Hence, these options are incorrect.

Nepal witnessed an extraordinary popular movement in 1990s. The movement was aimed at restoring democracy. Although the king formally remained the head of the state, the real power was exercised by popularly elected representatives. King Birendra, who had accepted this transition from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, was killed in a mysterious massacre of the royal family in 2001. 

The Third Carnatic war was an end to the French ambitions to create a colonial empire in India. The French forces in the south were led by Conte De Lally.

Joseph François Dupleix was appointed as  Governor-General of the French East India Company, who pursued an aggresive policy towards the English. He led the French during the First Carnatic War.

The Battle of Wandiwash was fought between the French, under the comte de Lally, and the British, under Sir Eyre Coote. This was the Third Carnatic War fought between the French and the British. It was the decisive battle in the Anglo-French struggle in southern India during the Seven Years’ War (1756–63). The French were then restricted to Pondichéry, where they surrendered on 16 January 1761.