Modern Indian Historical Figures

Job Charnock, an officer of the British East India Company, founded Kolkata in 1690 when he chose the site for a factory and trading post. The three villages of Sutanuti, Gobindapur, and Kolkata were developed by the British into a major city. The other options (Lord Cornwallis, Lord Curzon, Lord Mountbatten) were later viceroys.

Job Charnock, an East India Company administrator, founded Kolkata in 1690 by merging three villages: Sutanuti, Gobindapur, and Kalikata. While Kolkata served as British India's capital until 1911, the question's language is simplified. The other options use misspelled names of British viceroys.

With Lord Edward Irwin Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi signed a pact in March 1931, as a result of which, the British Government agreed to set all political prisoners free.

Gandhi magic saved many lives in the eastern frontier and that gave rise to the famous cliché of Lord Mountbatten –  'one man army'.

Gandhiji settled the case between Abdullah and Seth Taiyabji Seth by mutual agreement between the two parties.

James Wilson introduced Income Tax in India in 1860 when he was India's first Finance Member under the Viceroyalty of Lord Canning. This was to compensate for losses from the 1857 revolt.

The University of the Punjab (Punjab University) in Lahore was founded in 1882 during Lord Ripon's viceroyalty. It was one of the earliest universities established in British India and played a significant role in higher education in the region.

Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856) is known for major infrastructure developments in British India including introduction of railways, telegraph, and postal services. He initiated the first railway line from Bombay to Thane in 1853.

The Permanent Settlement of Bengal was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793. It fixed the land revenue demand and created a class of zamindars who became landowners, permanently altering Bengal's agrarian structure.

India gained independence in August 1947. Winston Churchill was the British PM during most of WWII but lost the 1945 general election to Clement Attlee, who became Prime Minister and oversaw India's independence process. Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India, not the Prime Minister.

Colonel Baillie was defeated by Haider Ali in the Battle of Porto Novo in 1780. Option B is incorrect as Harris was not captured by Tipu. Option C is incorrect as Brigadier Mathews was captured by Tipu in 1783, not defeated in 1790. Option D is incorrect as Major General Meadows fought Tipu but Arthur Wellesley defeated him in 1799.

The famous INA trials at Red Fort in 1945-46 involved only three officers: Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Sehgal, and G.S. Dhillon. Mohan Singh, who had earlier commanded the INA and disagreed with Bose, was not among those tried.

Tantia Tope was Nana Saheb's military commander during the 1857 revolt. He was a skilled guerrilla fighter who continued the struggle even after Kanpur fell and Nana Saheb escaped. Azimullah was Nana's advisor, not his military commander.

Mangal Pandey was the first sepoy to refuse the greased cartridges at Barrackpore on 29 March 1857. He attacked his British officers and was later executed. His act is considered the first spark of the 1857 revolt.