Modern Indian Historical Figures

Lord Macartney was the British Governor of Madras who concluded the Treaty of Mangalore with Tipu Sultan.

The Home Rule Movement was launched in 1916 during Lord Hardinge's tenure (1910-1916). Led by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, it demanded self-government for India, inspired by Ireland's Home Rule movement.

Lord Canning (1856-1862) withdrew the Doctrine of Lapse after the 1857 revolt. This doctrine, initiated by Lord Dalhousie, allowed annexation of Indian states without a male heir. Its withdrawal was an attempt to calm Indian anger after the uprising.

The Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) visited India in 1921-1922 during Lord Reading's tenure (1921-1926). This visit was significant in the context of the Non-Cooperation Movement and growing nationalist sentiment.

Madan Lal Dhingra (1883-1909) was an Indian revolutionary freedom fighter. While studying in England, he assassinated Sir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie, a British official, hailed as one of the first acts of revolution in the Indian independence movement in the 20^th century.

The committee appointed by the English to probe into the the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy was Hunter Committee. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre provoked a strong public reaction in India and England. The Government pointed a Committee of Enquiry (consisting of four British entry Indian members) under the chairmanship of Lord Hunter to enquire into the Punjab disturbances.

Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was accused of having misgoverned his state and of refusing to introduce reforms. His state was, therefore, annexed in 1856.

The Ryotwari Settlement was introduced by Thomas Munro

The 1^st Marquess Charles Cornwallis Governor General (1786-1805), Cornwallis introduced the Cornwallis code to secure administrative control of India since the East India Company. Tipu Sultan was killed in the storming of his stronghold at the Battle of Seringapatam by the British in May 1799. He was known as the 'Tiger of Mythusre'. He pursued a campaign of aggression and intrigue against the British; this, in the end, brought about his downfall.

John Surman led the English Mission to the Mughal Court in 1715 that successfully obtained a farman from Emperor Farrukhsiyar in 1717. This farman granted the British valuable trade concessions and exemption from customs duties. The mission was significant in strengthening British commercial position in India.

No doubt, Lord Rippon is known as the “father of local self government”, but it was Lord Mayo's Resolution (for decentralisation of power to bring about administrative efficiency in meeting people's demand and to add to the finances of colonial regime) that gave the needed impetus to the development of local institutions. It was a landmark in the evolution of colonial policy towards local government.

The permanent settlement system of revenue was planned by Sir John Shore. It was implemented by Lord Cornwallis. Lord Hastings introduced the ryotwari system of revenue.

Lord Dalhousie’s Regime was from 1848 to 1856.

The Santhal Uprising of 1899 while Elgin II’s regime was from 1894-99.

Chauri-Chaura incident took place during Lord Reading's regime (1921-1926).