Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,086 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following processes is used to produce biodiesel?

  1. Fermentation

  2. Transalkylation

  3. Transesterification

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a diesel additive to reduce levels of particulates, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons from diesel-powered vehicles. Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using transesterification.

Multiple choice

Gluconic acid is obtained from

  1. Saccharomyces

  2. Rhizopus

  3. Aspergillus

  4. Lycoperdon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aspergillus niger is the primary fungus used for industrial production of gluconic acid through glucose oxidation. Saccharomyces is used for ethanol production. Rhizopus produces organic acids like fumaric and lactic. Lycoperdon is a puffball genus not used in industrial fermentation.

Multiple choice

Riya tried to grow yeast in three different solutions. (1) Plain water, (2) Sugar solution and (3) Sugar solution maintained at high temperature. Which is the correct order of solution supporting highest to minimum growth of yeast?

  1. 2 > 3 > 1

  2. 1 > 2 > 3

  3. 2 > 1 > 3

  4. 3 > 1 > 2

  5. 1 > 3 > 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. Yeast grows very slow in plain water as there are very less nutrients present than in the sugar solution, which has sufficient amount of nutrients for yeast to grow. High temperature does not support yeast growth.

Multiple choice

Match the commercial products in Group I with the producing microorganisms in Group II.

 
Group I
Group II
P. Alcohol dehydrogenase 1. Pseudomonas fluorescens
Q. Streptomycin 2. Streptomyces aureofaciens
R. Tetracycline 3. Streptomyces griseus
S. Cholesterol esterase 4. Saccharomyces cerevisae

  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 3, S - 4

  2. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3

  3. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 3, S - 4

  4. P - 2, Q - 3, R - 4, S - 1

  5. P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Alcohol dehydrogenase is obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisae. Streptomycin is derived from Streptomyces griseus. Tetracycline is derived from Streptomyces aureofaciens. Cholesterol esterase is obtained from Pseudomonas fluorescens.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding Flavr Savr:

1. It is the result of an antisense RNA technology.

2. The expression of polygalacturonase has been reduced in Flavr Savr, which leads to improvement in flavour and longer shelf life.

3. The fruits remain green and hard on the plants, so that they can accumulate more sugar and organic acids that makes the fruits sweeter and tasty.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 1 and 3

  3. Only 2 and 3

  4. All of the above

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is the correct option as all of the statements are correct.