Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice

Organisms like yeast can survive in the absence of oxygen and they produce alcohol by utilising glucose. What are such organisms called?

  1. Anaerobes

  2. Cellulites

  3. Respirants

  4. Aerobes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

There are some organisms such as yeast that can survive in the absence of air. They are called anaerobes. They get energy through anaerobic respiration. In the absence of oxygen, glucose breaks down into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Multiple choice

From amongst the following options, select the most important role of microorganisms.

  1. Destruction of crops

  2. Production of food

  3. Breakdown of organic matter into inorganic chemicals

  4. Used as research tools for production of hormones

  5. Cause millions of deaths annually from diseases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Microorganisms are saprobes and breakdown organic matter into inorganic chemicals. It is the most important role of microorganisms.

Multiple choice

Gluconic acid is obtained from

  1. Saccharomyces

  2. Rhizopus

  3. Aspergillus

  4. Lycoperdon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aspergillus niger is the primary fungus used for industrial production of gluconic acid through glucose oxidation. Saccharomyces is used for ethanol production. Rhizopus produces organic acids like fumaric and lactic. Lycoperdon is a puffball genus not used in industrial fermentation.

Multiple choice

Riya tried to grow yeast in three different solutions. (1) Plain water, (2) Sugar solution and (3) Sugar solution maintained at high temperature. Which is the correct order of solution supporting highest to minimum growth of yeast?

  1. 2 > 3 > 1

  2. 1 > 2 > 3

  3. 2 > 1 > 3

  4. 3 > 1 > 2

  5. 1 > 3 > 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. Yeast grows very slow in plain water as there are very less nutrients present than in the sugar solution, which has sufficient amount of nutrients for yeast to grow. High temperature does not support yeast growth.

Multiple choice

Match the commercial products in Group I with the producing microorganisms in Group II.

 
Group I
Group II
P. Alcohol dehydrogenase 1. Pseudomonas fluorescens
Q. Streptomycin 2. Streptomyces aureofaciens
R. Tetracycline 3. Streptomyces griseus
S. Cholesterol esterase 4. Saccharomyces cerevisae

  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 3, S - 4

  2. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3

  3. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 3, S - 4

  4. P - 2, Q - 3, R - 4, S - 1

  5. P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Alcohol dehydrogenase is obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisae. Streptomycin is derived from Streptomyces griseus. Tetracycline is derived from Streptomyces aureofaciens. Cholesterol esterase is obtained from Pseudomonas fluorescens.