Biology

Microorganisms in Food Production

1,120 Questions

Microorganisms play a vital role in food production through processes like fermentation and bioprocessing. Questions on this topic cover the use of yeast, bacteria, and industrial microbiology. These concepts are important for science sections in various competitive exams.

Alcoholic fermentationDairy beverage productionIndustrial ethanol preparationCitric acid productionBiodigester temperature

Microorganisms in Food Production Questions

Multiple choice

Ethanol is one of the fermentation end products of

  1. Enterobacter
  2. Escherichia
  3. Clostridium
  4. Saccharomyces
  5. Salmonella
  6. Streptococcus

  1. 1, 2 and 3 only

  2. 1, 2, 4 and 5 only

  3. 2, 3 and 4 only

  4. 2, 4, 5 and 6 only

  5. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Enterobacter yields ethanol, lactic acid, formic acid, butanediol, acetoin, CO2, and H2 as fermentation end product. Escherichia yields ethanol, lactic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, CO2, and H2 as fermentation end product. Saccharomyces yields ethanol and CO2 as fermentation end products. Salmonella yields ethanol, lactic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, CO2, and H2 as fermentation end product.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are not common features of fimbriae and pili? P. Thin non-flagellar protein filaments found on the surface of bacteria. Q. Composed of the protein called pilin. R. Transfer genetic material during sexual reproduction of bacteria. S. Used for attachment to surfaces for colonization. Select the correct answer.

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. Q and R

  4. Q and S

  5. R and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Fimbriae are used for attachment to surfaces for colonization while pili are used to transfer genetic material during sexual reproduction of bacteria.

Multiple choice

In which form are lentiviruses transmitted?

  1. Single stranded DNA virus

  2. Single stranded negative sense RNA virus

  3. Single stranded positive sense RNA viruses

  4. Double stranded RNA virus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lentiviruses are transmitted as single-stranded, positive-sense, enveloped RNA viruses.

Multiple choice

Examples of enriched media are ____________.

  1. hektoen enteric agar, mannitol salt agar

  2. eosin Methylene Blue agar, macConkey agar

  3. blood agar, chocolate agar

  4. eosin Methylene Blue agar, mannitol salt agar

  5. blood agar, hektoen enteric agar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Blood agar is both differential and enriched medium. The blood that is incorporated into this medium is an enrichment ingredient for the cultivation of fastidious organisms such as the Streptococcus species. Chocolate agar is enriched culture media commonly used for primary isolation of Haemophilus species from clinical specimens.

Multiple choice

Microbial hydantoinase (HYD) is an industrial enzyme used for the commercial production of amino acids. It is obtained from

  1. Flavobacterium ammoniagenes

  2. Bacillus coagulans

  3. Penicillin decumbens

  4. Corynebacterium glutamicum

  5. Methylophylus methylotrophus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because microbial hydantoinase (HYD) is used for the commercial production of optically pure D- or L-active amino acids in biocatalysis. It has also been used for the production of D-amino acid intermediate compounds through stereospecific hydrolysis of chemically synthesised cyclic hydantoins. It is obtained from Flavobacterium ammoniagenes.

Multiple choice

Match the columns:

 
Microbe its application
P. Thiobacterium ferrooxidans 1. Decomposition of DDT
Q. Aerobacter aerogenes 2. Biological leaching of uranium ores
R. Methylophilus methylotrophus 3. Curing of tea leaves
S. Mycococcus condisans 4. Production of single cell proteins

  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 3, S - 4

  2. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3

  3. P - 3, Q - 2, R - 1, S - 4

  4. P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1

  5. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct.