Law Legal Studies

Labour and Industrial Relations

1,460 Questions

Labour and Industrial Relations involves the study of employment laws, workers unions, and workplace dynamics. This page features practice questions on critical topics such as equal pay, gratuity, overtime, and labor disputes. These questions are essential for law entrance exams and competitive tests.

Employment contractsTrade unionsWage discriminationIndustrial disputesOvertime payWorkplace safety

Labour and Industrial Relations Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the correct option for the given question:Some organizations have escalator clause in their labour agreements. What does this clause provide for?

  1. Automatic increase in wage/salary depending on seniority.

  2. Wage increase depending on output per day by the worker.

  3. Automatic increase in wage/salary depending upon increase in price index.

  4. Automatic increase in wage/salary depending on increase in profits of the firm.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An escalator clause in labor agreements provides for automatic wage or salary increases linked to changes in an official price index, such as the consumer price index, to offset inflation.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the correct option for the given question.

Industrial Relations consists

  1. Job Redesigning

  2. Wages Administration

  3. Trade Unions

  4. Job Analysis

  5. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Industrial Relations is a broad field encompassing all aspects of the employer-employee relationship. Job Redesigning, Wages Administration, and Trade Unions are all key components of industrial relations, making 'All of these' the correct comprehensive answer.

Multiple choice

Outstanding salaries would directly

  1. increase net profit

  2. increase gross profit

  3. decrease net profit

  4. decrease gross profit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 Outstanding salaries would decrease net profit, because it is a liability still to be paid and added in debit side of profit and loss A/c. The items shown in debit side of profit and loss A/c decrease the net profit.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following concepts is appropriate for the understanding of a trade union?

  1. Primary group

  2. Interest group

  3. Anomic group

  4. Quasi group
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A trade union is an interest group because it organizes to advance and protect the specific economic and workplace interests of its members through collective bargaining and political advocacy. Unlike primary groups (based on intimate relationships) or anomic groups (spontaneous, unstructured), trade unions are formal, purposive organizations.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements related to labour laws are correct?

  1. Traditionally labour laws had a protective function consisting of established political rights to association.
  2. Labour laws protect workers in their workplace.
  3. Labour laws provide workers a basic minimum level of living conditions.
  4. Labour laws provide workers right to strike.

  1. 1 and 2 only

  2. 2 and 3 only

  3. 1, 3 and 4 only

  4. 1, 2 and 3 only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 2 is correct as labour laws do protect workers in their workplaces by regulating safety, working conditions, and employment terms. Statement 3 is correct as these laws establish minimum living standards through minimum wage provisions and working condition regulations. Statement 1 incorrectly states that labour laws traditionally established political rights - this is not their primary function. Statement 4 is not always true as the right to strike is heavily regulated and not universally guaranteed.

Multiple choice

The workers have agreed to --------------- their strike

  1. Call on

  2. Call for

  3. Call at

  4. Call off
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Call off means to cancel or abandon something, like a strike. Call on means to visit or request someone to speak, call for means to demand or require, and call at means to stop briefly at a place. Workers ending a strike is calling it off.

Multiple choice

Foremanship and Piece Rate principles were given by:

  1. Henry Fayol

  2. F. W. Taylor

  3. Warren Bennis

  4. Bensis Likert
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Frederick Winslow Taylor, the father of Scientific Management, introduced Functional Foremanship and the Differential Piece Rate System. Functional Foremanship involves dividing supervision into specialized roles, while the piece rate system incentivizes productivity by paying workers based on their output. These principles were central to his efforts to improve industrial efficiency.

Multiple choice

ESOP refers to

  1. Employee Stock Option Scheme

  2. Employees Sick Leave Option

  3. Employee Social Operations Programme

  4. Employees Several Options Payment

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

ESOP stands for Employee Stock Option Scheme, which is a program that grants employees the right to purchase company shares at a predetermined price.

Multiple choice

The companies that give time concession to the employees for overtime logged by them are better than those that don't. This is a very fair practice and should even be made a legal mandate because it keeps the working hours of an individual constant. Failing to adhere to such policies spells injustice and harassment which should be defined as an offence in a court of law.

The given argument assumes that

  1. the hourly wage given to the employees who work overtime is not more than the regular wage

  2. there are no slow workers who work overtime because of failing to meet the deadlines given to them

  3. there is no existing law that makes it legal to demand a time concession to make up for overtime worked

  4. no employee avails of regular breaks and time-offs during the regular and extra hours of work
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

“Should even be made a legal mandate” necessarily assumes that no such law exists. If there is an existing law for time concession, the conclusion will be rendered void. Hence this is the right answer.

Multiple choice

A representative of the Women's Bureau of the United States Department of Labor contends that employers who offer benefits which permit that employees can balance home and work responsibilities better, realizing gains in attendance, recruiting, and retention.

  1. which permit that employees can balance home and work responsibilities better, realizing

  2. which permit employees balancing home and work responsibilities better will realize

  3. that permit employees to balance the responsibilities of home and work better will realize

  4. that permit employees a better balance between the responsibilities of home and work, thus realizing

  5. such that employees are permitted a balance between home and work responsibilities, and they will realize
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

'Which' and 'that' are never used together. Moreover, when we refer to something particular, we use 'that'. Consequence of an action is shown by the word 'thus'. Hence, option 3.

Multiple choice

Which of the following does not constitute in the course of employment?

  1. The servant’s act is expressly authorised by the master.

  2. The servant is doing something for the benefit of the master.

  3. The servant’s act is impliedly authorised by the master.

  4. The servant is doing the authorised act in an unauthorised manner.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Option (2) is correct: The act of servant for the benefit of his maser does not constitute in the course of employment.

Multiple choice

Child labour is prohibited in

  1. All employments

  2. Only hazardous industries

  3. All household work

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Child labour is prohibited in only hazardous industries under Article 24 and some other laws also.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a principle in deciding compensation /pay of Government employee?

  1. Equal pass for Equal work

  2. Pays higher than outside employment

  3. cost of living

  4. maintenance of efficiency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Government compensation principles typically include equal pay for equal work, cost of living adjustments, and efficiency, but they do not aim to pay higher than outside employment, as this would be fiscally unsustainable.

Multiple choice

When 4 members of the Assembly of Russian Workers were dismissed at the Putilov Iron Works, the workers at St. Petersburg went on a strike. Which of the following were not their demands?

a. Allotment of independent houses instead of dormitories b. Reduction in the working time to eight hours c. Increase in wages d. Improvement in working conditions e. Workers to be allowed to keep families with them

  1. Only b, c and d

  2. Only a and e

  3. Only b and e

  4. Only a, b and e

  5. Only b, c and e
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. These were not the demands of the striking workers.