General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

Famous inventionsNobel Prize winnersScientific conceptsKey inventors

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice biology plant growth other plant hormones cytokinins, ethylene and abscisic acid plant hormones

Kinetin, a modified form of adenine was discovered from

  1. Autoclaved herring sperm DNA

  2. Coconut milk

  3. Corn kernel

  4. Fungus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kinetin is a modified form of adenine which is discovered by Miller and Skoog as a compound from autoclaved herring sperm DNA. Herring is a fish. From it's sperm, DNA is isolated which is sterilized using steam at high pressure which is called autoclaved herring sperm DNA. From this, kinetin was isolated which has ability to induce cell division.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Autoclaved herring sperm DNA.'

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Which of the following is not paired correctly?

  1. Alexander Fleming - Penicillin

  2. Leeuwenhoek - Microscope

  3. Elic Metchnikoff - Phagocytes

  4. Louis Pasteur - Antiseptic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Louis Pasteur is regarded as one of the greatest saviors of humanity and was responsible for the discovery of pasteurization. His pasteurization process concluded that all fermentable liquid could be prevented from a spoiling with a special heating treatment.

So, the correct option is 'Louis Pasteur - Antiseptic'.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Who proved that microorganism can be killed by boiling?

  1. Pasteur

  2. Spallanzani

  3. Leeuwenhoek

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lazzaro Spallanzani - One of the first to disprove spontaneous generation. An Italian scientist who proved microorganisms could be killed by boiling.

So the answer is 'Spallanzani'. 

Multiple choice evs - i the earth and its living world introduction to the spheres of the earth origin of universe introduction to natural resources

Ozone layer was discovered by

  1. Coriolis

  2. Fabry

  3. Wiener

  4. Diener
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The ozone layer was discovered by Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson in 1913. The depletion of ozone was discovered by Farman, Gardiner and Shanklin in 1985.

A. Coriolis discovered the effect of the rotation of the earth on the direction of winds.
B. Fabry discovered the ozone layer along with Buisson.
C. Weiner discovered the Rh blood group in Rhesus monkeys.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Fabry'.

Multiple choice biology cell - the structure and functions cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery

Who applied the cell theory to plants?

  1. Schwann

  2. Schleiden

  3. Dutrochet

  4. Virchow
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In 1838, German botanist, Matthias Schleiden found that all plant tissues are made up of cells which have been essentially similar structure. German zoologist, Theodor Schwann in 1839 working independently observed that animal cells do not have cell walls but are otherwise similar amongst themselves. He put forward cell hypothesis which states that bodies of animal and plants are made up of cells. Schleiden and Schwann in 1839 compared their findings and formulated cell theory.

Multiple choice biology cell - the structure and functions cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery

Who first proposed that new cells are formed by the division of preexisting cells?

  1. Rudolph Virchow

  2. W. Flemming

  3. Karl Nageli

  4. C.P. Swanson
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • By carefully observing the process of cell division, Rudolph Virchow in 1858, argued that cells only arose from the division of pre-existing cells.
Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Hormone prolactin was discovered by

  1. Riddle

  2. Hisaw

  3. Leonard

  4. Hisaw and Leonard
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Prolactin was discovered in non-human animals around 1930 by Oscar Riddle. It promotes milk production in the female. It is also known as a lactogenic hormone. It is produced by the pituitary gland.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

A teacher was explaining about a constant physical contact involving almost equal physiological interdependence in two different thalloid forms. He was trying to explain, which one of the following?

  1. Mycorrhizal association

  2. Establishment of heterothallism

  3. Operation of heterothallism

  4. Advent of lichen formation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The teacher was explaining the advent of lichen formation. A lichen is made up of a simple photosynthesising organism, usually green algae or cyanobacteria, surrounded by filaments of a fungus. Generally, most of lichens bulk is made of interwoven fungal filaments, although in filamentous and gelatinous lichens this is not the case. The fungus is called as a mycobiont. The photosynthesizing organism is called as a photobiont. Algal photobionts are called as phycobionts. Cyanobacteria photobionts are called as cyanobionts. The part of a lichen that is not involved in reproduction, the "body" or vegetative tissue" of a lichen, is called as the thallus. The thallus form is very different from any form, where the fungus or alga are growing separately. The thallus is made up of filaments of the fungus called as hyphae. The filaments grow by branching then rejoining to create a mesh, which is called being. The mesh of fungal filaments may be dense or loose.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

Who coined the term lichens?

  1. Linnaeus

  2. Theophrastus

  3. Alexopoulos

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Lichens are symbiotic associations i.e. mutually useful associations, between algae and fungi. The algal component is known as phycobiont and fungal component as mycobiont, which is autotrophic and heterotrophic, respectively. Algae prepare food for fungi and fungi provide shelter and absorb mineral nutrients and water for its partner.
The term Lichen was coined by 'Theophrastus'.
So, the correct answer is 'Option B'.
Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The theory that environment can bring about changes in individuals was proposed by :

  1. Mendel

  2. Darwin

  3. Lamarck

  4. Lyell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The first theory of evolution was proposed by Jean Baptiste de Lamarck. Lamarckism proposed:

  • Some internal forces are present in all organisms. By the presence of these forces, the organism has the tendency to increase the size of their organs or the entire body.
  • Environment influences all type of organisms. Changing environment give rise to new needs. New needs or desires produce new structure and change habits of the organism.
  • If an organ is constantly used, it would be better developed whereas disuse of organ results in its degeneration.

So, the correct option is 'Lamarck'.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Name the scientist who cut off the tails of mice of successive generations to prove Lamarck's theory wrong, was

  1. Weismann

  2. Haeckel

  3. Darwin

  4. Wallace
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

August Weismann performed the famous experiment of cutting off the tails of mice for many generations to disprove the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Out of following, who was the predecessor of Darwin's and developed the theory of acquired characteristics?

  1. Weismann

  2. Mendel

  3. Malthus

  4. Lamarck
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck is the scientist, who gave theory of acquired characteristics. He explained that animals acquire characteristics after using certain physical traits constantly.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The scientist who proposed the first theory of evolution was

  1. Wallace

  2. Darwin

  3. Lamarck

  4. Hugo de Vries
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarckism (or Lamarckian inheritance) is the idea that an organism can pass on characteristics that it acquired during its lifetime to its offspring (also known as heritability of acquired characteristics or soft inheritance). It is named after the French biologist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who incorporated the action of soft inheritance into his evolutionary theories as a supplement to his concept of an inherent progressive tendency driving organisms continuously towards greater complexity, in parallel but separate lineages with no extinction. Lamarck theory of evolution is the first theory of evolution which was followed by other theories proposed by Wallace, Darwin and Hugo de Vries. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.