Indian Independence Movement

The Parliament House (Sansad Bhavan) in New Delhi was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker as part of the new capital complex. Lutyens was the principal architect of New Delhi and designed several major buildings including Viceroy's House (now Rashtrapati Bhavan). The circular colonnaded structure opened in 1927.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was elected to the Constituent Assembly from West Bengal (as part of the scheduled castes constituency). The key is that while he was from Bombay Province, the election was through a Bengal constituency. This was a common practice where representatives from one community could be elected from another province's reserved seats. The Bombay Presidency, United Provinces, and Punjab are incorrect.

The Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) began on March 12, 1930 from the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad. Gandhi and 78 followers marched 240 miles to the coastal village of Dandi to protest the salt tax.

V.T. Krishnamachari was the first Vice-Chairman of the Planning Commission of India, serving from 1950. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to formulate India's Five-Year Plans for economic development. The other options were not associated with this founding position.

General (later Field Marshal) K.M. Cariappa became the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army in 1949, marking the transition from British command to Indian leadership. The prefix 'General' in his name is a title, not a first name. Air Marshal Mukherjee, Rajendrasinhji, and Bewoor held other military positions but were not the first C-in-C.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first President of India, serving from 1950 to 1962. He was a prominent freedom fighter and had previously been President of the Constituent Assembly. Rajagopalachari was the first Indian Governor-General, Nehru was the first Prime Minister, and Mountbatten was the last British Viceroy.

Mahatma Gandhi broke the Salt Act by making salt at Dandi in Gujarat during the 1930 Salt March. This 240-mile march from Sabarmati Ashram was a pivotal act of civil disobedience against British salt monopoly.

Jawaharlal Nehru, independent India's first Prime Minister (1947-1964), also served as the first chairman of the Planning Commission established in 1950. This was part of India's planned development approach after independence.

Sheikh Abdullah (1905-1982) founded the Jammu & Kashmir National Conference in 1932 (originally called All Jammu & Kashmir Muslim Conference). He was the dominant political figure in Kashmir politics for decades.

H. J. Kania (Harilal Jekisundas Kania) served as the first Chief Justice of independent India from 1950-1951. The Supreme Court of India was established on January 28, 1950, and Justice Kania was its inaugural chief.

Womesh Chandra Bannerjee (also spelled Bonnerjee) was the first President of the Indian National Congress, elected at its founding session in Bombay in 1885. Dadabhai Naoroji became the first Indian president in 1886, and Surendranath Banerjea and Gokhale served as presidents in later years.

Allan Octavian Hume (A.O. Hume), a British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885. While Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first president, Hume was the principal founder who envisioned the organization as a platform for educated Indian voices. Joseph Hume is a distractor - a different British politician altogether.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the first President of India from 1950 to 1962 after independence. The name is misspelled in the option as 'Ranjendra' instead of 'Rajendra'.

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, serving from 1956 to 1960 after the state's formation. He later became President of India. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy and Damodaram Sanjivayya served as CMs later, and N. Janardhana Reddy was also a subsequent CM.