Indian Independence Movement

Sheikh Abdullah (1905-1982) founded the Jammu & Kashmir National Conference in 1932 (originally called All Jammu & Kashmir Muslim Conference). He was the dominant political figure in Kashmir politics for decades.

H. J. Kania (Harilal Jekisundas Kania) served as the first Chief Justice of independent India from 1950-1951. The Supreme Court of India was established on January 28, 1950, and Justice Kania was its inaugural chief.

Womesh Chandra Bannerjee (also spelled Bonnerjee) was the first President of the Indian National Congress, elected at its founding session in Bombay in 1885. Dadabhai Naoroji became the first Indian president in 1886, and Surendranath Banerjea and Gokhale served as presidents in later years.

Allan Octavian Hume (A.O. Hume), a British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885. While Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first president, Hume was the principal founder who envisioned the organization as a platform for educated Indian voices. Joseph Hume is a distractor - a different British politician altogether.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the first President of India from 1950 to 1962 after independence. The name is misspelled in the option as 'Ranjendra' instead of 'Rajendra'.

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, serving from 1956 to 1960 after the state's formation. He later became President of India. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy and Damodaram Sanjivayya served as CMs later, and N. Janardhana Reddy was also a subsequent CM.

Kasu Brahmananda Reddy founded the Reddy Congress as a political faction. Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy was a later Congress leader and CM, Nedurumalli Janardhan Reddy was also a Congress leader, and Marri Chenna Reddy was a Telugu Desam Party founder who later joined Congress.

B R Ambedkar was indeed the Law Minister of India from 1947 to 1951 and was the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, particularly responsible for provisions protecting Scheduled Castes and other marginalized communities. He is the correct answer.

Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee (W.C. Banerjee) was the first president of the Indian National Congress, elected in 1885 at its inaugural session in Bombay.

This is a factual question about Indian political structure. The Planning Commission of India (now replaced by NITI Aayog) was historically chaired by the Prime Minister of India. Dr. Manmohan Singh served as Prime Minister from 2004-2014 and would have been the Chairman during this period.

Dr. C.V. Raman was the first Indian to receive Bharat Ratna in 1954, along with C. Rajagopalachari and Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. Raman was a Nobel laureate physicist (1930). Pandit Nehru did receive it later, but not first - he was awarded in 1955.

Annada Shankar Roy (1904-2002) became the first Indian to stand first in the Indian Civil Service (ICS) examination in 1923, achieving this during British colonial rule when the examination was dominated by European candidates. This was a landmark achievement demonstrating Indian capability in the administrative services. Sukumar Roy was his son (a famous writer), Nirendranath Chakraborty was a writer, and Upendrakishore Roychoudhuri was Annada Shankar's grandfather - none of these others took the ICS exam.

Lala Amarnath became independent India's first Test captain, leading the team against Australia in 1947-48. He was a charismatic leader and one of India's pioneering cricketers. Vijay Hazare also captained India but later. The Nawabs of Pataudi (Sr. and Jr.) came later - Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi became captain in the 1960s.

Sir Edwin Lutyens, along with Herbert Baker, designed the Parliament House (Sansad Bhavan) in New Delhi as part of the larger planning of the city. Le Corbusier designed Chandigarh, and Gustave Eiffel designed the Eiffel Tower.