Indian Flora and Fauna

Pashmina wool is obtained from the fine undercoat of Himalayan mountain goats (Capra hircus). The wool is combed out during the spring molting season and processed into luxury textiles. Sheep produce regular wool, deer have antlers, and rams are male sheep - none produce pashmina.

Felis Domesticus is the binomial scientific name for the domestic cat under biological classification. Rana hexadactyla is a frog species, Naja naja is the Indian cobra, and Upapa epops is a hoopoe bird.

Kaziranga National Park in Assam is renowned worldwide for its population of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros, which is its flagship species and primary tourist attraction. Zebras, lions, and giraffes are not native to Kaziranga or found in the wild in India.

Pashmina wool, also known as cashmere, is obtained from the Cashmere goat (Capra hircus laniger), specifically those found in the Himalayan region. The fine undercoat fibers are combed out during the spring molting season. Black sheep produce regular wool, while deer and bear are not sources of wool at all.

Namdapha National Park is located in Arunachal Pradesh, in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot. It is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya and home to diverse flora and fauna including the Bengal tiger and red panda.

The cheetah became extinct in India in the 1950s, with the last confirmed sighting in 1947 and official extinction declared in 1952 due to hunting and habitat loss. A reintroduction project began in 2022, bringing cheetahs from Africa, but they remain extinct in the wild in their historical range.

The State Emblem of India features three animals besides the four lions - an elephant (representing strength), a horse (representing speed), and a bull (representing hard work). A tiger is not part of the emblem.

Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Karnataka, in the Uttara Kannada district. It's known for its diverse wildlife including black panthers, elephants, and various bird species. Gir Sanctuary is in Gujarat (Asiatic lions), Kaziranga is in Assam (rhinoceros), and Tadoba is in Maharashtra (tigers).

In 2001, Nandankanan Zoological Park in Bhubaneshwar, Odisha witnessed the tragic death of 13 tigers within a week. The deaths were caused by trypanosomiasis, a parasitic disease transmitted by tsetse flies. This incident raised serious concerns about zoo management and animal healthcare in Indian zoos. The zoo is located near the Chandaka forest and is one of the largest zoos in India.

Gir National Park is located in Junagadh district of Gujarat. It is the sole home of Asiatic lions and a major wildlife sanctuary. Kalikote, Balasore, and Madhugarh are incorrect locations.

Simlipal Tiger Reserve is located in Odisha (formerly Orissa). It is part of the Simlipal National Park and Biosphere Reserve, known for Bengal tigers and biodiversity. West Bengal, Bihar, and Jharkhand are incorrect states.

The Great Indian Bustard is primarily found in the Thar Desert region of Rajasthan, which is its main habitat. This critically endangered bird needs grassland and scrub ecosystems. The Deccan Plateau, Sundarbans, and Sambhar Lake are not its primary habitats.

The correct scientific name for the Bengal/Indian tiger is Panthera tigris. Panthera pardus refers to the leopard. Felis is the genus for small cats, making Felis tigris incorrect. Felis chaus is the jungle cat.

Kaziranga National Park in Assam harbors the largest population of one-horned rhinoceroses in the world. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to two-thirds of the world's great one-horned rhinoceros population. Periyar and Kanha are known for other wildlife, while Corbett is famous for tigers.

The scientific name of the common cobra (Indian spectacled cobra) is Naja naja, where both genus and species names are 'Naja.' This repetition occurs when the species is the type species for its genus. The other options (aja, baja, maja) are not valid taxonomic names.