Biology

Human Immunity and Blood

2,051 Questions

Human immunity and blood questions cover the physiological mechanisms protecting the body against diseases and the components of blood. Topics include blood groups, cell mediated immunity, monoclonal antibodies, and blood coagulation. These biology topics frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Blood groupsCell mediated immunityMonoclonal antibodiesBlood coagulationCancer immunology

Human Immunity and Blood Questions

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

Red blood cells are also known as

  1. Erythrocytes

  2. Leukocytes

  3. Neurocytes

  4. Oxycytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Red blood cells-- also known as RBCs, red cells, red blood corpuscles, haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek erythros for "red" and kytos for "hollow vessel", with -cyte translated as "cell" in modern usage), are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering.

So, the correct option is 'Erythrocytes'.

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

Which of following forms net-like structure during bleeding?

  1. Platelets

  2. RBC

  3. WBC

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Platelets are cell fragments produced from megakaryocytes (special cells in the bone marrow). They are also called as thrombocytes. An injury or a trauma stimulates the platelets in the blood to release certain factors which activate the mechanism of coagulation or blood clotting. They also change their shape from round to spiny and stick to the broken vessel wall and each other and forms net-like structure during bleeding. Hence platelets forms net-like structure during bleeding.

So, the correct answer is 'Platelets'.

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

The red colour to the red blood cells is due to the presence of 

  1. Immunoglobin

  2. Leghemoglobin

  3. Haemoglobin

  4. Hemolymph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Hemoglobin (Hb or Hgb ) is an iron-containing protein present in erythrocytes or Red blood cells (RBC) of almost all vertebrates. Each hemoglobin is made up of 4 subunits, 2 alpha subunits and 2 beta subunits. Each subunit surrounds the central heme group that contains iron and binds to one oxygen molecule. The blood cells are red due to the interaction between iron and oxygen. Hence, the red colour of the red blood cells is due to the presence of haemoglobin.
So, the correct answer is 'Haemoglobin'.
Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
What is name of the iron-containing protein that gives red blood vessels their colour?

  1. Haemoglobin

  2. Hemocyanin

  3. Pyrite

  4. Lymphocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The presence of haemoglobin, the red pigment in the red blood cells (RBCs) makes blood appear red in colour. The haemoglobin carries oxygen and transports it to all the parts of the body.

So, the correct option is 'Haemoglobin'.

Multiple choice evs transportation in living organisms blood in humans circulatory system - blood basics of blood and heart

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following are components of blood?

  1. Plasma

  2. Blood cells and platelets

  3. Gases and other dissolved substances

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The composition of blood is :
1. Blood plasma- 54.3% It contains proteins, amino acids, nitrogenous wastes, nutrients, gases, electrolytes.
2. Red Blood Cells-45%
3. White Blood Cells- 0.7 %
4. Platelets
So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice biology food components and nutrition effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Most harmful anaemia is

  1. Microcytic

  2. Macrocytic

  3. Pernicious

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pernicious anaemia is a type of macrocytic anaemia caused by the inability to absorb vitamin B12, often due to a lack of intrinsic factor. It is considered particularly harmful because it can lead to severe neurological complications if left untreated.

Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

Number of leucocytes in decreasing order in human blood is?

  1. Eosinophils $>$ basophils $>$ neutrophils
  2. Neutrophils $>$ eosinophils $>$ basophils
  3. Basophils $>$ eosinophils $>$ neutrophils
  4. Eosinophils $>$ neutrophils $>$ basophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Basophils: 0.5–1.0 percent. Eosinophils: 1–4 percent. Lymphocytes: 20–40 percent. Monocytes: 2–8 percent, Neutrophils: 40% to 60% Lymphocytes: 20% to 40%.


So, the correct answer is 'Neutrophils > eosinophils > basophils'.

Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

Find the correct descending order of percentage proportion of leucocytes in human blood.

  1. Neutrophils --> Basophils --> Lymphocytes Acidophils (Eosinophils) -->Monocytes

  2. Monocytes --> Neutrophils --> Lymphocytes --> Acidophils-->Basophils

  3. Neutrophils --> Lymphocytes Monocytes --> Acidophils -->Basophils

  4. Lymphocytes Acidophils --> Basophils --> Neutrophils-->Monocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The relative proportions of the different types of white blood cells are: Neutrophils (roughly 60 – 70%), Lymphocytes (roughly 20 – 30%), Monocytes (approximately 1 – 6%), Eosinophils (approximately 1 – 3%), Basophils (less than 1%).

Thus, the correct answer is 'Neutrophils --> Lymphocytes Monocytes --> Acidophils -->Basophils.'

Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

Compounds released by WBCs, which raise the body's temperature, are known as

  1. Insulin

  2. Catecholamines

  3. Pyrogens

  4. Prostaglandins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
When your body temperature rises  because of an infection, it's called a fever.  Fevers are caused by chemicals called pyrogens flowing in the bloodstream. Pyrogens make their way to the hypothalamus in the brain, which is in charge of regulating body temperature. So, the correct option is "C" (Pyrogens).
Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

Immunocomplexes are removed by 

  1. Basophils and monocytes

  2. Basophils and eosinophils

  3. Eosinophils and monocytes

  4. Neutrophils and basophils
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Immunocomplexes also called antigen-antibody complexes are harmful and long deposition of then inside the cell can lead to various autoimmune disorders and primarily removed from the cell by phagocytosis in which eosinophils and monocytes (destruction of antibody)  have an important role to play.

So the correct option is 'Eosinophils and monocytes'.

Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

In a blood sample, a WBC has a nucleus with drum-sticks. This indicates that the blood sample has come from a person who is 

  1. Heamphilic

  2. Diabatic

  3. Female

  4. Sickle cell-anemic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Neutrophils are sexually dimorphic. Neutrophils from females exhibit a small additional X chromosome structure, known as a "neutrophil drumstick".

Drumsticks are differentiated from other nuclear appendages that may occasionally be seen in both sexes.  
Drumsticks usually appear when two XX chromosomes are present. The active X chromosome is randomly distributed within nuclear lobes, but the inactive X preferentially appears in drumsticks. Typical drumsticks are rarely seen in normal men. 

So the answer is 'Female'. 

Multiple choice evs our body- its internal organ system leucocytes body fluids and immune responses respiratory and circulatory system

Select the incorrect statement out of the following. 

  1. Neutrophils constitute the majority of leucocytes

  2. Eosinophils resist infection.

  3. Basophils secrete histamine and serotonin.

  4. RBCs in mammals are enucleated and biconvex in shape.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
(A) Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell, consisting of $60-70\%$ of the leukocytes, they defend against bacterial or fungal infection. They are referred to as PMN leukocytes.
(B) Eosinophil compose about $2-4\%$ of WBC. The count fluctuates. It rises in response to allergies, parasitic infections, collagen diseases, and disease of the spleen and CNS. That is they resist infection.
(C) Basophils are chiefly responsible for allergic and antigen response by releasing the chemical histamine & serotonin also heparin.
(D) Red Blood cells lack a nucleus, but are biconcave in shape, not Biconvex
All statements are correct, only in (D), there should be biconcave instead of Biconvex.