Biology

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

2,010 Questions

Genetic engineering and biotechnology involve modifying organism DNA to develop transgenic crops, medical treatments, and industrial solutions. This field covers essential techniques like hybridoma technology, molecular markers, and gene transfer in eukaryotic cells. These biology topics are essential for aspirants preparing for various competitive examinations.

Genetic engineering techniquesTransgenic organismsIndustrial biotechnologyGMOs and bioremediation

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Questions

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Which statement about the foreign genetic material in genetically modified (GM) crop plants or animals is false?

  1. It must be inserted again in each generation.

  2. It alters the phenotype of the GM plant or animal.

  3. It may be subject to natural selection by weather, pests and diseases.

  4. It may be transferred to related non-crop plants or animals.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. Genetic modification involves the mutation, insertion, or deletion of genes. Inserted genes usually come from a different species in a form of horizontal gene-transfer. Hence, the genetic material need not be inserted again in each generation.

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

The method of producing proteins for food or feed through microbial biomass is called as:

  1. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

  2. SCP (Single Cell Protein)

  3. Nanotechnology

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Single-cell proteins refer to edible unicellular microorganisms. 
  • The biomass or protein extract from pure or mixed cultures of algae, yeasts, fungi or bacteria may be used as an ingredient or a substitute for protein-rich foods and is suitable for human consumption or as animal feeds. 
  • Hence, The method of producing proteins for food or feed-through microbial biomass is called as SCP (Single Cell Protein).
  • So, the correct answer is 'SCP (Single Cell Protein)'.
Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

The prerequisites for biotechnological production of antibiotics is

  1. To search an antibiotic producing microorganism.

  2. To isolate the antibiotic gene.

  3. To join antibiotic gene with E. coli plasmid.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Useful antibiotics are often discovered using a screening process. To conduct such a screen, isolates of many different microorganisms are cultered and then tested for production of products that inhibit the growth of test organisms.They are tested for their selective toxicities and therapeutic activities, and the best candidates are examined and modified. Once the process is complete, the antibiotic must be extracted and purified to a crystalline product. The copies of genes coding for enzymes involved in the antibiotic production can be inserted into a cell, via vectors such as plasmids.

Multiple choice

What is a GMO?

  1. Type of pesticide

  2. Laser used to inhibit growth

  3. Organism modified to express a certain trait
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques to express a specific trait.

Multiple choice

What is NOT a way that genetically modified food can influence life on Earth?

  1. to create herbicide-resistant crops

  2. to make sugary food non-fattening

  3. to make foods more nurtritious

  4. to create drought-resistant crops
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Genetic modification is used to change traits like pest resistance or nutritional content, but it cannot change the fundamental caloric or chemical nature of food to make it 'non-fattening'.

Multiple choice

How could gene therapy benefit society?

  1. by possibly curing diseases

  2. by creating artificial intelligence

  3. by increasing work production

  4. by reducing carbon dioxide emissions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gene therapy aims to treat or cure genetic disorders by replacing or inactivating faulty genes within a patient's cells.