Environmental Studies · Chemistry

Environmental and Chemical Processes

2,324 Questions

Environmental and chemical processes encompass waste management, pollution remediation, and biogas conversion. These questions evaluate your grasp of how organic and synthetic materials interact with ecosystems. Such topics regularly appear in general science and environmental studies papers.

Waste managementBiogas conversionPhytoremediationSoil washingPollution control

Environmental and Chemical Processes Questions

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

During the process of decomposition in which stage complex organic matter convert into inorganic ions and salts by fungi?

  1. Mineralization

  2. Catabolism

  3. Fragmentation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mineralization is the final stage of decomposition where fungi and bacteria convert complex organic matter into inorganic ions and salts.

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

In which treatment, microorganism decompose fine organic matter?

  1. Preliminary Treatment

  2. Biological Treatment

  3. Secondary Treatment

  4. Tertiary Treatment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biological treatment processes in wastewater management utilize microorganisms to break down organic matter. This is the core mechanism for removing dissolved and fine organic pollutants.

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Important steps in decomposition are

  1. Fragmentation and mineralisation

  2. Leeching and catabolism

  3. Humification and mineralisation

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition is the process of breaking of complex organic matter into simpler inorganic matter. There are five steps of decomposition. These are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. Fragmentation is the process of breaking of detritus into small pieces by detrivores. Leaching is the process of releasing nutrients in the water and seeping into the soil. Catabolism is the process of breaking down of complex molecules into the simpler molecules. Humification is the process of formation of dark colored humus on the soil. MIneralization is the process of degradation of the hummus to release inorganic nutrients.

Thus, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Which process of decomposition is correctly described?

  1. Leaching: Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil

  2. Fragmentation: Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  3. Humification: Leads to accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  4. Catabolism: Last step in decomposition under fully anaerobic conditions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Decomposition is the process of breaking of complex organic matter into simpler inorganic matter. There are five steps of decomposition. These are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. Fragmentation is the process of breaking of detritus into small pieces by detrivores such as earthworm.
Leaching is the process of releasing nutrients in the water and seeping into the soil.
Humification is the process of formation of dark colored substance humus on the soil. It undergoes microbial action at a slow rate. Mineralization is the process of degradation of the hummus to release inorganic nutrients.
Catabolism is the process of breaking down of complex molecules into the simpler molecules.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Fragmentation: Carried out by organisms such as earthworm.'
Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

During the process of decomposition in which stage complex organic matter is converted into organic ions and salts by fungi

  1. Mineralisation

  2. Catabolism

  3. Fragmentation

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition is the process of breaking of complex organic matter into simpler inorganic matter. There are five steps of decomposition. These are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. Fragmentation is the process of breaking of detritus into small pieces by detrivores. Leaching is the process of releasing nutrients in the water and seeping into the soil. Catabolism is the process of breaking down of complex organic molecules into the simpler organic ions and salts by fungi. Humification is the process of formation of dark colored humus on the soil. MIneralization is the process of degradation of the hummus to release inorganic nutrients.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Catabolism.'

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ?

  1. Fragmentation Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  2. Humification Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  3. Catabolism Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition

  4. Leaching Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
-Detrivores(eg- Earthworms) breakdown detritus into smaller particles. this process is called fragmentation.
-Humification leads to the accumulation of dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at an extremely slow rate.
-Catabolism the third step of decomposition which occurs by fungal and bacteria action under anaerobic condition.
-By the process of leaching, water-soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts.
So, the correct answer is 'Option A'.
So the correct option is A.
Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworm is a process called as

  1. Humification

  2. Fragmentation

  3. Mineralisation

  4. Catabolism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Steps of decomposition are: 

a. Fragmentation: It is the breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by detritivores (e.g., earthworm). 
b. Leaching: By this process, water soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts. 
c. Catabolism: Degradation of detritus into simpler inorganic substances by bacterial and fungal enzymes. Fragmentation, leaching and catabolism operate simultaneously on the detritus. 
d. Humification: Accumulation of humus (dark amorphous substance) in soil. Humus is resistant to microbial action and so decomposes very slowly.
e. Mineralization: It is the release of inorganic nutrients due to the degradation of humus some microbes.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

Process of conversion of wood into coal by biochemical process, taking over millions of years is called :

  1. Catenation

  2. Carbonation

  3. Pyrolysis

  4. Destructive distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Process of conversion of wood into coal by biochemical process over a millions of years is called carbonation.This process occurs in the deep level of earth.

Hence option B is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

What happens in carbonization process?

  1. Hydrolysis

  2. Electrolysis

  3. Pyrolysis

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Carbonization is the term which means destructive distillation of coal which is done in the absence air in order to obtain coke and other fractions having greater percentage of carbon than the original material.


It is defined as the conversion of organic matter into carbon or the residues containing carbon through the process of pyrolysis or destructive distillation.

In the organic chemistry it is referred as the generation of coal gas or coal tar from raw coal materials.It is also applied to the pyrolysis of coal to produce coke and charcoal etc.

Option C is correct.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption liver functions of the liver secretory organs

The process of breaking down excess amino acids in the liver is known as

  1. Amination

  2. Denitrification

  3. Deamination

  4. Nitrification
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Deamination is the process by which amino acids are broken down if there is an excess of protein intake.  It is the removal of an amine group from a molecule in the presence of an enzyme called deaminase. It takes place in the liver. Hence the process of breaking down excess amino acids in the liver is known as Deamination. 

So, the correct answer is 'deamination'.

Multiple choice

Materials your body cannot use are called?

  1. reactions

  2. waste

  3. pieces

  4. processes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In biological terms, materials that the body cannot use or that are byproducts of metabolism are referred to as waste products.

Multiple choice

Which process is used by cells to remove wastes?

  1. endocytosis

  2. exocytosis

  3. facilitated diffusion

  4. active transport
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Exocytosis is the process by which cells move materials from within the cell into the extracellular fluid. It is commonly used to export waste products or secrete proteins.