Environmental Studies · Chemistry

Environmental and Chemical Processes

2,324 Questions

Environmental and chemical processes encompass waste management, pollution remediation, and biogas conversion. These questions evaluate your grasp of how organic and synthetic materials interact with ecosystems. Such topics regularly appear in general science and environmental studies papers.

Waste managementBiogas conversionPhytoremediationSoil washingPollution control

Environmental and Chemical Processes Questions

Multiple choice

The process of conversion of nitrates into free nitrogen is known as

  1. nitrification

  2. denitrification

  3. putrification

  4. ammonification
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Denitrification is the microbial process that converts nitrates (NO3-) back into nitrogen gas (N2), returning it to the atmosphere. Nitrification converts ammonium to nitrates, putrification refers to protein decomposition, and ammonification converts organic nitrogen to ammonium.

Multiple choice

What does nitrification mean?

  1. Liquifaction of nitrogen

  2. Convert the atmospheric nitrogen to effective nitrogen compound

  3. Production of nitrogen from air

  4. Conversion of nitrogen to nitric acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrite then nitrate by soil bacteria. However, the broader meaning (and what option B describes) is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into biologically usable nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a process of carbonisation?

  1. Fast conversion of living plants and animals into coal.

  2. Slow conversion of dead vegetation into coal.

  3. Slow conversion of vegetable matter into coke.

  4. Fast conversion of vegetable matter into coke.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbonisation is the process of gradual conversion of the remains of dead plants and animals into coal.

Multiple choice

The chemical decomposition of organic materials by heating in the absence of oxygen or any other reagents is called

  1. Incineration

  2. Anaerobic digestion

  3. De-oxidization

  4. Pyrolysis

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of organic materials in complete absence of oxygen, which distinguishes it from incineration (burning with oxygen) and anaerobic digestion (biological decomposition by microorganisms). The key characteristic is heating without oxygen or other reagents.

Multiple choice

What is the name of the stage of decomposition of dead, in which mainly the decomposition of proteins takes place?

  1. Rancidification

  2. Livor mortis

  3. Putrefaction

  4. Cryopreservation

  5. Maceration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Putrefaction is one of seven stages in the decomposition of the body of a dead animal or human. It can be viewed, in broad terms, as the decomposition of proteins in a process that results in the eventual breakdown of cohesion between tissues and the liquefaction of most organs.

Multiple choice

Composting done in the absence of air is known as ____.

  1. Vermicomposting

  2. Aerobic composting

  3. Windrow composting

  4. Anaerobic composting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is composting without air. If you just stack your debris in a pile, it will generally compact to the point, where there is no available air, for beneficial organisms to live.