Environmental Studies · Chemistry

Environmental and Chemical Processes

2,261 Questions

Environmental and chemical processes encompass waste management, pollution remediation, and biogas conversion. These questions evaluate your grasp of how organic and synthetic materials interact with ecosystems. Such topics regularly appear in general science and environmental studies papers.

Waste managementBiogas conversionPhytoremediationSoil washingPollution control

Environmental and Chemical Processes Questions

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

What is recycling?

  1. Burning of material

  2. Break down the material by natural process

  3. Recovering and reprocessing the material into useful products

  4. Burying the products in land
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastic and reprocessing the material into useful products, sometimes completely different in form from their original state.

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

The substance which undergoes decomposition by the microbial action is called a:

  1. biodegradable substance

  2. non-biodegradable substance

  3. recyclable substance

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Biodegradable substances are those materials or products that are able to naturally break down or decompose without causing any harm to the environment. Biodegradable substances are generally things that are organic in nature. This means they are substances that are made from things that were living at some point. Examples of biodegradable substances include paper which is made from trees, meat products which come from animals and leather products.

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

Which of the following best describes biodegradation?

  1. A minor change in an organic molecule

  2. Fragmentation of a complex organic molecule

  3. Complete transformation of the organic molecule to mineral forms

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A biodegradable substance is the one which gets decomposed by the natural processes. It can be also described by a the minor change in the organic molecule, fragmentation or we can say breaking of the complex molecule or the complete transformation of the organic molecule to the mineral form.

Multiple choice chemistry synthetic fibres and plastics plastic and environment pollution due to plastics environmental impact: plastics

__________  is a bio-degradation process that take organic matter i.e remains of plants,garden and kitchen waste that turn into nutrient-rich food for plants.

  1. Dumping

  2. Incineration

  3. Composting

  4. Sewage treatment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Composting is a easy and natural bio-degradation process that takes organic matter i.e remains of plants, gardens and kitchen waste that turn into nutrient-rich food for the plants. it is usually used for organic farming by allowing the organic materials to sit in one place for months until microbes decompose it 

Multiple choice solid waste management environmental management biology

Process in which preparation of manure is done from kitchen and food waste with the help of earthworm and other organism 

  1. Composting

  2. Incineration

  3. Vermiculture

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vermiculture is another way of preparation of manure from kitchen and food wastes. In this process worms and other similar organism are added to the waste which help in making compost. 

Multiple choice zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ? 

  1. Fragmentation - Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  2. Humification - Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  3. Catabolism - Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition

  4. Leeching - Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

1. Detritivores (e.g., earthworm) break down detritus into smaller particles through the process of fragmentation.

2. Humification leads to accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance called humus that is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate.
3. Catabolism is the degradation of detritus into
simpler inorganic substances in aerobic conditions.
4. By the process of leaching, water-soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts.
So, the correct option is 'Fragmentation - Carried out by organisms such as earthworm'.

Multiple choice biology interdependence in living beings - plants and animals animals as consumers scavengers and decomposers interdependence between plants and animals

 What are decomposers?

  1. Decomposers break down the complex organic substances of garbage, dead animals and plants into simpler inorganic substances.

  2. Decomposers synthesise the complex organic substances of garbage, dead animals and plants into simpler inorganic substances.

  3. Decomposers break down the complex inorganic substances of garbage, dead animals and plants into simpler inorganic substances.

  4. Decomposers break down the complex organic substances of garbage, dead animals and plants into simpler organic substances.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms and in doing so, carry out the natural process of decomposition. Like herbivores and predators, decomposers are heterotrophic, meaning that they use organic substrates to get their energy, carbon and nutrients for growth and development.

Decomposers and scavengers break down dead plants and animals. They also break down the waste (poop) of other organisms. Decomposers are very important for any ecosystem. If they weren't in the ecosystem, the plants would not get essential nutrients and dead matter and waste would pile up.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany energy flow in an ecosystem biogeochemical cycle nutrient cycles species, communities and ecosystems

The utilization of elements and compounds in nature and their subsequent return to the environment is called

  1. Life cycles

  2. Cyclic pathway

  3. Material cycles

  4. Recycling
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The utilisation of elements and compounds in nature and their subsequent return to the environment is called material cycles. It is also called as a biogeochemical cycle. 
In biology, a life cycle is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state.
Recycle is the conversion of waste into useful forms.
Cyclic pathways tend to use the last product they create to re-begin the cycle. 

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice botany energy flow in an ecosystem biogeochemical cycle nutrient cycles species, communities and ecosystems

The flow of materials from non living components to living components and back to the non living components in a more or less cyclic manner is called as

  1. Gaseous cycle

  2. Sedimentary cycle

  3. Biogeochemical cycle

  4. Hydrologic cycle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A biogeochemical cycle or inorganic-organic cycle is a circulating or repeatable pathway by which either a chemical element or a molecule moves through both biotic (bio-) and abiotic (geo-) compartments of an ecosystem. 

Multiple choice zoology our environment - our concern biomagnification the effects of human activities on ecosystems bioaccumulation and biomagnification

The process of accumulating higher and higher amounts of a toxic material such as PCBs within the body of any animal is called

  1. Bioaccumulation

  2. Biological amplification

  3. Biological half-life

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The process of accumulation of chemicals in the living cells in increasing concentration is known as bioaccumulation. When there is excessive use of the pesticides such as Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) against the harmful pests, they are accumulated in the food products. When these products are consumed, the chemicals deposit in the fatty tissues of the host. This phenomenon is called bioaccumulation of the chemicals in the living system. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice nationalist movement in indo china national liberation movements in the colonies recent social movements social movements in our time

U.S. forces in Vietnam used Agent Orange primarily to ___________.

  1. counteract the effects of poisons used by the Vietcong.

  2. camouflage movement in the jungle.

  3. interrogate Vietcong prisoners.

  4. destroy the natural cover used by the Vietcong guerrillas.

  5. prevent the diseases carried by the insects of Vietnam.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

U.S. forces in Vietnam used Agent Orange primarily to destroy the natural cover used by the Vietcong guerrillas.

Multiple choice nationalist movement in indo china national liberation movements in the colonies recent social movements social movements in our time

 Why was Agent Orange used by the military during the Vietnam War? 

  1. To poison food crops grown by Vietcong supporters.

  2. To pollute wells supplying water to Vietcong guerilla fighters.

  3. To blow up tunnel systems used to shelter Vietcong troops.

  4. To protect American troops from malaria.

  5. To clear forest vegetation that could hide Vietcong soldiers.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Agent Orange was a powerful herbicide used by U.S. military forces during the Vietnam War to eliminate forest cover and crops for North Vietnamese and Vietnam Cong troops. The U.S. program, codenamed Operation Ranch Hand, sprayed more than 20 million gallons of various herbicides over Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos from 1961 to 1971. Agent Orange, which contained the deadly chemical dioxin, was the most commonly used herbicide. It was later proven to cause serious health issues.

Multiple choice industries in tamil nadu human geography in tamil nadu geography

What is a vegetative tanning?

  1. A process done with vegetative matter

  2. A process done with chemicals

  3. Chrome tanning

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

If tanning is done with vegetative matter, it is known as vegetable tanning process. Vegetable tanned hide is flexible and is used for making furniture.

Multiple choice chemistry separation of matter sedimentation, decantation and filtration other methods of separation separation methods

The process by which a solid changes directly into gas is called:

  1. decantation

  2. sublimation

  3. condensation

  4. sedimentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation

Sublimation is a specialized change of state when a solid substance skips the liquid phase and moves directly into the gas phase. This occurs because the substance absorbs energy so quickly from the surroundings that melting never occurs.

Examples of Sublimation:

1. "Dry ice" or solid carbon dioxide sublimes.

2. Snow and ice can sublime in the winter months without melting.

3. Moth balls sublime

4. Frozen foods will sublime and you will find ice crystals inside of the box or bag.