Biology

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

594 Questions

The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.

Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is responsible for steroid production?

  1. Salt

  2. Lipids

  3. Cholesterol

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cholesterol also plays a role in synthesizing the steroid hormones aldosterone, which is used for osmoregulation, and cortisol, which plays a role in metabolism. 
  • Cholesterol is also the precursor to bile salts, which help in the emulsification of fats and their absorption by cells. Hence,  Lipids is responsible for steroid production.
So, the correct answer is 'Lipids'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

An administration of estrogen and progesterone to the woman decreases the secretion of gonadotropins due to

  1. Positive feedback inhibition

  2. Negative feedback inhibition

  3. Chemical reaction between the hormones

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • A feedback mechanism for multistep reactions is a biological occurrence wherein the output of a system amplifies the system (positive feedback) or inhibits the system (negative feedback).
  • For example, Release of estrogen from the ovaries stimulates the secretion of GnRH from Hypothalamus which in turn stimulates the secretion of LH from anterior pituitary.when the levels of LH reaches above the normal levels in the blood it stimulates the release of progesterone from corpus luteum which causes the inhibition of the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus which in turn leads to inhibition of release of LH(product) from anterior pituitary and prevents the accumulation of LH(product)in blood. Hence negative feedback.
  • Hence An administration of estrogen and progesterone to the woman decreases the secretion of gonadotropins due to Negative feedback inhibition.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Negative feedback inhibition'.
Multiple choice zoology insects and human welfare bee keeping apiculture apiculture, sericulture and fisheries

The wax glands in honey bee are present ..............

  1. On the ventral side of the last segment.

  2. On the ventral side of last four abdominal segments.

  3. On the dorso-lateral side of first two abdominal segments.

  4. On the lateral side of last two abdominal segments.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Four sets of wax glands, situated inside the last four ventral segments of the abdomen, produce wax for comb construction. Wax bees build cells from wax, repair old cells, and store nectar and pollen brought in by other workers. Early in the worker bee's career, she will exude wax from the space between several of her abdominal segments. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Brunner's gland is located in

  1. Duodenum

  2. Jejunum

  3. Ileum

  4. Stomach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Brunner's glands are characteristic of the duodenum, where they secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize acidic chyme entering from the stomach.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Brunner's glands occur in _________________.

  1. Mucosa of oesophagus

  2. Submucosa of duodenum

  3. Mucosa of ileum

  4. Submucosa of stomach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Brunner's glands are located in the submucosa of the duodenum. They are distinct from the glands found in the mucosa of other intestinal sections.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Brunners glands are found in

  1. Stomach

  2. Duodenum/Intestine

  3. Ileum

  4. Large intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Brunner's glands are found exclusively in the submucosa of the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Which of the following gland is partly exocrine and partly exocrine?

  1. Pituitary

  2. Thyroid

  3. Pancreas

  4. Hypothalamus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Pancreas acts both as endocrine (ductless) and exocrine (with duct) gland. It works as exocrine gland as it excretes enzymes to break down the proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids in food and helps in digestion. It works as endocrine gland as it secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon to control blood sugar levels throughout the day. 
Hence option C is correct.
Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Acini cells are

  1. Endocrine

  2. Exocrine

  3. Both endocrine and exocrine

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There are two types of cells in the pancreas, the acinar cells and the islet of Langerhans. The acinar cells are lobed cells. These cells are responsible for the exocrine function of the pancreas. They secrete the pancreatic enzymes and forms the pancreatic juice which is involved in the process of digestion.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

The endocrine part of the pancreas is known as.

  1. Crypts of Lieberkuhn

  2. Islets of Langerhans

  3. Peyer's patches

  4. Acini
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Islets of Langerhans are the clusters of endocrine cells scattered throughout the pancreas that secrete hormones like insulin and glucagon.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Which one is both exocrine ad endocrine?

  1. Liver

  2. Pineal

  3. Adrenal

  4. Pancreas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The pancreas is a heterocrine gland, meaning it has both exocrine functions (secreting digestive enzymes) and endocrine functions (secreting hormones).