Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

In the substrate eaters like Balanoglossus, the excretory organ is glomerulus or proboscis gland lying in front of the central sinus and projecting into the proboscis coelom.

Crop milk is a secretion from the lining of the crop of parent birds that is regurgitated to young birds. They are found among all pigeons and doves, where they are referred to as pigeon milk. Crop milk is also produced by flamingos and some penguins.

• Mammary glands or breasts are modified sweat glands that lie over the pectoral muscles. Each breast has a broad multiporous tip called nipple for the release of milk. A circular pigmented area called areola lies below it. Each breast contains 15-20 glandular lobes separated from one another by dense connective tissue and adipose tissue. Each lobe is further made of many lobules having glandular or secretory alveoli.

The male sex hormone testosterone is secreted by testes which are under the control of hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

Testes are the primary reproductive organs which produce sperms and hormone known as testosterone. This hormone is important for sexual development and puberty i.e., development of secondary sexual characteristics like facial hair, sexual behaviour etc.
The ovary is the female reproductive organ which produces the mature ovum which further fuses with sperm to form a zygote. 
Pancreas is a heterocrine gland which secretes insulin, glucagon and somatostatin as endocrine and pancreatic juice an exocrine gland.
Adrenal are endocrine glands, which secretes various cortisol.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Monotremes or Prototheria are mammals that do not give birth to live young ones. Instead, they lay eggs and nurse them after they have hatched. They have mammary glands but no teats. They simply pour milk onto their skin and it gets collected in a pouch where the babies can drink it from.

So the correct answer is 'Prototheria'.

The sella turcica forms a bony seat for the pituitary gland. The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the body of the sphenoid bone of the human skull.

Marine turtles possess specialized salt glands near their eyes to excrete excess salt, which is why they appear to be 'crying' when on land.

The meibomian glands (or tarsal glands) are a special kind of sebaceous gland at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate, responsible for the supply of meibum, an oily substance, that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film. Meibum prevents tear spillage onto the cheek, trapping tears between the oiled edge and the eyeball, and makes the closed lids airtight. There are approximately 50 glands on the upper eyelids and 25 glands on the lower eyelids. Dysfunctional meibomian glands often cause dry eyes.

The almond-shaped glands in the eyes present above each eyeball are called lacrimal glands. Thes glands are called tear gland because they secrete the fluid called tears. These glands have their openings between the eyelashes. Water, salts and bactericidal protein such as lysozyme are components of tear. The secretion of this glands is involved in the clearance of dust, grit and microorganisms in the cornea. They are also involved in the lubrication of eyes and eyelashes. Thus the correct answer is option C.

Glands of Zeis are modified sebaceous gland located on the margin of eyelids and produces oil into the follicles of eye lashes. 

The harderian gland is a gland found within the eye's orbit, which occurs in tetrapods (reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals) that possess a nictitating membrane. The gland can be compound tubular or compound tubuloalveolar, and the fluid it secretes (mucous, serous or lipid) varies between different groups of animals. In some animals it acts as an accessory to the lacrimal gland, secreting fluid that eases movement of the nictitating membrane. 

The lacrimal gland lies within the orbit on the outer portion of the upper eye. The gland continually secretes tears, which moisten, lubricate, and protect the eye. Meibomian gland is a type of gland in the eyelids, that makes a lubricant called as sebum, which is discharged through tiny openings in the edges of the lids. It is responsible for the supply of meibum, an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film and frictionless blinking.

Insects go through a process of moulting during their life cycle. The process is controlled by hormones like moulting hormone and juvenile hormones. Ecdysone is a steroidal prohormone of the major insect molting hormone, which is secreted from the prothoracic glands. Insect molting hormones (ecdysone and its homologues) are generally called as ecdysteroids.

A heterocrine gland (also known as a mixed gland) performs both exocrine and endocrine functions. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum (exocrine) and hormones like insulin and glucagon into the blood (endocrine).