Biology

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

594 Questions

The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.

Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

In which category of gland, secretary cells mature, rupture and becomes the secretary product.

Type Example
$1$ Holocrine gland Sebaceous gland
$2$ Exocrine gland Salivary gland
$3$ Apocrine gland Mammary gland
$4$ Merocrine gland Pancreas
  1. $1$
  2. $2$
  3. $3$
  4. $4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Holocrine glands are a type of exocrine glands. They basically release their contents by rupturing, resulting in the death of the secretory cells itself and the contents are released into the lumen. For example, sebaceous glands.

So, the correct answer is '1'.
'.'

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following is not a gland ? 

  1. Stomach

  2. Liver

  3. Kidney

  4. Pancreas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The glands are structures in which the cells are involved in the production of hormones or secretions. These hormones or secretions have an effect on the substrates. There are cells in the stomach which are responsible for the production of mucus, HCl, digestive enzymes, etc. There are glandular cells in the stomach but the stomach is not considered as a gland. The liver is the gland which produced various hormones, enzymes and the bile juice. The pancreas produces pancreatic juice with enzymes and hormones by the Islet cells of Langerhans. The kidney is a gland which secretes the hormones erythropoietin and renin.

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

The ductless glands in the human body which secrete hormones are called as

  1. Exocrine glands

  2. Endocrine glands

  3. Epithelial glands

  4. Metabolic glands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

a) Endocrine glands are the ductless glands that release their secretion (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. The released hormones affect the target cells which specifically carry their receptors.

 b) Exocrine glands release their secretions by duct into the target cells/organs only. 
c) All glands are formed by invagination or infolding of glandular epithelium and thus, are called as epithelial glands. It includes both endocrine and exocrine glands. 
d) Glands that secrete the substances which regulate the metabolic processes are known as metabolic glands. These can be both endocrine and exocrine in nature. 
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following is not true?

  1. The endocrine system is composed of ductless glands.

  2. Contents of the endocrine system are released into the blood stream.

  3. The Mammary gland is part of the endocrine system.

  4. Exocrine glands are not part of the endocrine system.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The mammary gland is a gland located in the breasts of females that is responsible for lactation, or the production of milk. Mammary glands are a part of exocrine system. They have ducts and hence not a part of endocrine system.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

I am gland with ducts. My secretion may be enzyme, sweat, oil or tear. My ducts transports these secretion close to the source of production. Who am I?

  1. Thyroid gland

  2. Exocrine gland

  3. Endocrine gland

  4. Adrenal gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Exocrine gland is the right answer because exocrine glands are glands with ducts unlike endocrine glands. Salivary gland, sweat gland etc are exocrine gland.

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Endocrine glands are those glands which pour their secretion directly into 

  1. Ducts

  2. Substrate

  3. Blood

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Endocrine glands are the ductless glands which secrete their products directly in the blood from where they reach the target organs and affect their functioning and regulation. For example, pituitary gland, hypothalamus, pineal gland etc. On the other hand, the glands which secrete their products through ducts are called exocrine glands. 
So, the correct answer is 'Blood'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

A heterocrine gland is one which

  1. Has two distinct parts

  2. Serves a double function of exocrine and endocrine gland

  3. Produces two types of hormones

  4. Occurs in two places
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Heterocrine glands are the glands which act both as exocrine and endocrine glands. Exocrine glands are the glands that secrete their products through ducts whereas endocrine glands are the ductless glands which secrete their products directly into the blood. For example, in humans, Pancreas is a heterocrine gland. It secretes insulin hormone into blood and act as endocrine gland and when it secretes digestive enzymes and juice through pancreatic duct, it acts as exocrine gland.
So, the correct answer is 'Serves a double function of exocrine and endocrine gland'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of these is not an endocrine gland? 

  1. Liver

  2. Pancreas

  3. Testes

  4. Thymus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Endocrine glands are the ductless glands that secrete their products into bloodstream from where they are carried to the target organs. Pancreas, testes and thymus are endocrine glands as they secrete hormones. Pancreas secrete insulin and glucagon, testes secrete testosterone and thymus secrete thymosin hormone. Liver is not an endocrine gland instead, it is a digestive organ which secretes bile juice which is necessary for emulsification of fats.
So, the correct answer is 'Liver'.

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretions of ductless glands is known as 

  1. Hormones

  2. Pheromones

  3. Enzymes

  4. Mucoids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A. Hormones are the chemicals or signalling molecules secreted from endocrine glands (ductless glands that secrete their products directly into blood stream from where they are carried to their target organs) which affect the functioning and regulation of target organs.
B. Pheromones are chemicals used by organisms of same species for communication.
C. Enzymes are the biocatalysts that speed up the rate of reaction without getting altered.
D. Mucoids are the fluids secreted from mucosal glands or mucosal membranes.
So, the correct answer is 'Hormones'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of these is a mixed gland? 

  1. Thyroid

  2. Pituitary

  3. Adrenal

  4. Pancreas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
B. Pituitary gland is the master gland that regulates the activity of other endocrine glands and secretes many hormones like growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone etc.
C. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sexocorticoids and adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
D. Pancreas is a heterocrine gland as it acts both as endocrine and exocrine gland. It secretes insulin hormone into blood and act as endocrine gland and when it secretes digestive enzymes and juice through pancreatic duct, it acts as exocrine gland.
Hence, pancreas is a mixed gland.
So, the correct answer is 'Pancreas'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

How many endocrine glands are located in human brain?

  1. 3

  2. 4

  3. 2

  4. 9
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
There are three endocrine glands which are located in human brain-
1. Hypothalamus is the basal part of diencephalon which is present in forebrain and it regulates a wide spectrum of body functions. It is an anatomical and physiological connection between the nervous system and the endocrine system. It is connected to the pituitary gland by a stalk called infundibulum.
2. Pituitary gland is located in a bony cavity of the sphenoid bone of the skull called sella tursica and is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk called infundibulum.
3. Pineal gland is located on the dorsal side of forebrain.
So, the correct answer is '3'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which one is endocrine? 

  1. Brunner's gland

  2. Crypts of Lieberkuhn

  3. Pars radiata

  4. Juxtaglomerulus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Brunner's gland are present in small intestine and secrete intestinal juice through ducts.
B. Crypts of Lieberkühn, also known as Paneth cells, are tubular glands present in small intestine and secrete intestinal juice.
C. Pars radiata (medullary rays) are the extensions of medulla into cortex of kidney.
D. Juxtaglomerulus is present in kidneys and consists of juxtaglomerular cells or JG cells that secrete enzyme renin and hormone erythropoietin. Hence, juxtaglomerulus is endocrine (ductless glands) as it secretes a hormone.
So, the correct answer is 'Juxtaglomerulus'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which one of the following pairs includes only endocrine glands?

  1. Thymus and testes

  2. Adrenal and ovary

  3. Parathyroid and adrenal

  4. Pancreas and parathyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Endocrine glands are ductless glands that secrete their products directly into the bloodstream from where they are carried to their target organs and cause changes in their functioning and regulation. Parathyroid gland is present on posterior surface of lobes of thyroid gland and secretes parathormone which increases calcium level in blood. Adrenal glands are located on upper surface of kidneys. They consist of adrenal cortex secreting corticoid hormones and adrenal medulla secreting adrenaline and noradrenaline. Both parathyroid and adrenal gland are endocrine glands.
So, the correct answer is 'Parathyroid and adrenal'.