Biology

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

690 Questions

The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.

Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions

Multiple choice

Which gland produces bile?

  1. Kidney

  2. Pancrease

  3. Liver

  4. Lacrymal gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The liver is the organ responsible for producing bile, which is essential for the digestion and absorption of fats. Bile is stored in the gallbladder.

Multiple choice

The salivary glands are innervated by

  1. the ciliary ganglion

  2. the pterygopalatine ganglion

  3. the submandibular ganglion

  4. the otic ganglion

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The submandibular ganglion (or submaxillary ganglion in older texts) is part of the human autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. The submandibular ganglion is responsible for innervation of two salivary glands: the submandibular gland and sublingual gland.

Multiple choice

Which gland is present on the top of each kidney?

  1. Pineal gland

  2. Adrenal gland

  3. Thyroid gland

  4. Pancreas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Adrenal gland is situated on the top of each kidney. These are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and steroids aldosterone and cortisol. 

Multiple choice

Sudoriferous glands occur in

  1. lungs

  2. kidneys

  3. alimentary canal

  4. skin

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sweat glands, also known as sudoriferous glands, are small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat. Sweat glands are a type of exocrine gland, which produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.

Multiple choice

Juvenile hormone is secreted by which of the following?

  1. Thyroid gland

  2. Thymus gland

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Corpora allata

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Corpus allatum is an endocrine gland which generates juvenile hormone. It plays a crucial role in metamorphosis. Surgical removal of corpora allata can cause an immature larva to pupate at its next molt, resulting in a miniature adult.

Multiple choice

ACTH is secreted by which of the following?

  1. Thyroid gland

  2. Thymus gland

  3. Pituitary gland

  4. Islets of Langerhans

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a hormone that is produced in the anterior or front pituitary gland. The function of ACTH is to regulate levels of cortisol, which is released from the adrenal gland. 

Multiple choice

Endocrine glands

  1. do not possess ducts

  2. Sometimes have ducts

  3. always have duct

  4. Pour their secretion through ducts.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

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Multiple choice

Which gland secretes ADH?

  1. anterior pituitary

  2. posterior pituitary

  3. adrenal glands

  4. thyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced in the hypothalamus and stored/released by the posterior pituitary gland.

Multiple choice

Which gland produces thyroxine?

  1. pancreas

  2. thyroid

  3. parathyroid

  4. anterior pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The thyroid gland is responsible for the production of thyroxine, a hormone that regulates the body's metabolic rate.