Biology

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands

594 Questions

The endocrine and exocrine glands topic explores the human body's essential secreting structures, including the pituitary, thyroid, and salivary glands. Questions often focus on gland locations, their specific secretions, and crucial physiological functions. This subject is a core component of the general science syllabus across many highly competitive examinations.

Master endocrine glandsPituitary gland locationSalivary gland functionsThyroid and ductless glandsApocrine sweat glands

Endocrine and Exocrine Glands Questions

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms parathyroid gland thyroid and parathyroid gland thyroid, parathyroid and thymus gland

The pituitary gland by virtue of its tropic hormones controls the secretory activity of other endocrine glands. Which one of the following endocrine glands can function independently of the pituitary gland?

  1. Thyroid

  2. Gonads

  3. Adrenal

  4. Parathyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The parathyroid glands are four tiny glands, located in the neck, each gland is about the size of a grain of rice. Parathyroid gland secretes parathormone hormone, which regulates $Ca^{++}$ and phosphate ion in the body. This gland works independently to the pituitary gland. 

The pituitary gland, on the other hand, is the major endocrine gland, a pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain that is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands, which includes thyroid, gonads and adrenals etc. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology plants and animal hormones parathyroid gland thyroid and parathyroid gland thyroid, parathyroid and thymus gland

The pituitary gland by virtue of its tropic hormones controls the secretory activity of other endocrine glands. Which one of the following endocrine glands can function independent of the pituitary gland?

  1. Adrenals

  2. Gonads

  3. Thyroid

  4. Parathyroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck of humans and other tetrapods that produce parathyroid hormone. Humans usually have four parathyroid glands, variably located on the back of the thyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin (one of the hormones made by the thyroid gland) have key roles in regulating the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones. The major function of the parathyroid glands is to maintain the body's calcium and phosphate levels within a very narrow range, so that the nervous and muscular systems can function properly. The parathyroid glands do this by secreting parathyroid hormone.

So the correct option is 'parathyroid'.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination parathyroid gland thyroid and parathyroid gland thyroid, parathyroid and thymus gland

Gland responsible for calcium metabolism is 

  1. Thymus

  2. Thyroid

  3. Parathyroid

  4. Adrenal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Thymus gland is associated with the development of immune system and present on the dorsal side of heart. It secretes thymosin hormone which plays an important role in the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
B. Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
C. Parathyroid gland is present in the form of four small pouches which are embedded in the posterior surface of lobes of thyroid gland. This gland secretes parathormone which increases calcium reabsorption from the bones and causes mobilisation of calcium in the blood.
D. Adrenal gland is present on upper side of kidneys and has two parts, adrenal cortex which secrete glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sexocorticoids and adrenal medulla which secrete adrenaline and nor-adrenaline hormone.
Hence, the gland responsible for calcium metabolism is parathyroid gland.
So, the correct answer is 'Parathyroid'.
Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following gland is both endocrine as well as exocrine? 

  1. Thyroid

  2. Pancreas

  3. Payers patches

  4. Thymus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The pancreas has both endocrine functions (secreting insulin and glucagon into the blood) and exocrine functions (secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine).

Multiple choice biology endocrine system and adolescence different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Salivary, tear, gastric and intestinal glands are examples of

  1. Endocrine glands

  2. Exocrine glands

  3. Embryonic tissue

  4. Simple glands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Exocrine glands are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct. Examples of Exocrine glands include sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, and mucous. 

So, the correct option is B ( Exocrine gland )

Multiple choice biology endocrine system and adolescence different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Endocrine glands put their secretions directly into

  1. Ducts

  2. Blood

  3. Both

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct because endocrine glands lack ducts. Hence they are also called ductless glands.
  • The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, and adrenal glands.
  • Hence endocrine glands put their secretions directly into the blood.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Blood'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine system and adolescence different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

What is the other name of the endocrine glands?

  1. Duct gland

  2. Normal

  3. Ductless gland

  4. Oesophagus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct because endocrine glands lack ducts. Hence they are also called ductless glands.
  • The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, and adrenal glands.
  • Hence the other name of the endocrine glands is ductless gland.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Ductless gland'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Mucus, saliva, earwax, oil, milk, digestive enzymes, bile juice, tear, cortisol, androgen, HCL, thymosin, rennin, Pancreatic juice

How many of them are secreted by exocrine glands?

  1. Twelve

  2. Three

  3. Eight

  4. Nine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
 Endocrine glands Thymosin is secreted by the thymus gland.Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal gland.Androgen is secreted by the adrenal gland.Renin is secreted by the kidney.
 Exocrine glands Saliva is secreted by the salivary gland.Pancreatic juice is secreted by the pancreas.Ear wax is secreted by the ceruminous gland.Tear is secreted by lacrimal gland.Milk is secreted by the mammary gland.Mucus is secreted by nasal mucosa as well as through bronchi and trachea.Oil is secreted by sebaceous gland.Bile is secreted by the liver.
  • HCl is secreted by parietal cells and digestive enzymes are secreted by different digestive organ (stomach and small intestine).
  • So, the correct answer is 'Eight'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Secretions of exocrine glands exclude

  1. Saliva

  2. Insulin

  3. Ear wax

  4. Milk
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Exocrine glands are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct. Examples of exocrine glands include sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, and mucous.

So, the correct option is ‘Saliva’.

Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Ductless glands are called 

  1. Alveolar glAnds

  2. Tubular glands

  3. Exocrine glands

  4. Endocrine glands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Alveolar glands are also known as saccular glands and consist of a sac-like secretory portion.
B. Tubular glands have a straight duct with opening that comprises of clusters of secretory glands.
C. Exocrine glands are the glands that secrete their products through ducts.
D. Endocrine glands are the ductless glands which secrete their products directly into the blood.
So, the correct answer is 'Endocrine glands'.
Multiple choice biology endocrine glands different type of gland glands in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following gland has both exocrine and endocrine parts?

  1. Thyroid

  2. Pituitary

  3. Adrenal

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The endocrine system is composed of ductless glands. Endocrine glands secrete hormones. Glands that have ducts are called exocrine glands. The secretions of exocrine glands reach their target by travelling through a duct (tube). The mixed gland is a gland that produces endocrine and exocrine secretions. The pancreas is an example of a mixed gland because it secretes hormones in the circulation, like insulin and glucagon, but it also releases an exocrine secretion, the pancreatic juice. Whereas, thyroid, pituitary and adrenal glands are not having both endocrine and exocrine system.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.