Biology · General Awareness

Diseases and Health Risk Factors

2,629 Questions

Diseases and health risk factors examine the intrinsic and environmental causes of human illnesses. This includes common cancers, heart conditions, and substance abuse indicators. These topics are essential for biology papers in medical entrance and civil services examinations.

Cancer risk factorsSubstance abuse indicatorsIntrinsic disease factorsHeart disease risksInfant mortality causesChronic health conditions

Diseases and Health Risk Factors Questions

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Coronary heart disease is due to

  1. Weakening of heart valves

  2. Insufficient blood supply to heart muscles

  3. Streptococci bacteria

  4. Inflammation of pericardium.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Coronary heart disease occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked, leading to insufficient blood supply (ischemia).

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

The reason why the liver of alcohol addicts gets damaged is that it 

  1. Has to detoxify the alcohol.

  2. Stores excess of glycogen.

  3. Is over stimulated to secrete bile.

  4. Accumulate excess of fats.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • The liver breaks down and filters out harmful substances in the body. It also converts vitamins, nutrients and medicines into substances that our bodies can use.
  •  A central role in the toxicity of alcohol may be played by acetaldehyde itself. Although the liver converts acetaldehyde into acetic acid, it reaches a saturation point where some of it escapes into the blood stream.
  •  The accumulated acetaldehyde exerts its toxic effects by inhibiting the mitochondria reactions and functions. Hence, The reason why the liver of alcohol addicts gets damaged is that it Accumulate excess of fats.
So, the correct answer is 'Accumulate excess of fats'.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Excessive consumption of alcohol is

  1. Alcoholism

  2. Drug addiction

  3. Hallucination

  4. Intoxication
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Alcoholism is the addiction of alcohol. It is dependency of a person on regular consumption of alcohol. Generally ethyl alcohol is consumed which can be in form of wine, bear etc. People suffering from alcoholism are obsessed with alcohol. Such people can't resist to drinking alcohol even if it is causing problems in their personal and professional life. Consumption of too much alcohol can cause serious health problems like liver failure.
So, the correct answer is 'Alcoholism'.
Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Cardiomyopathy is associated with

  1. Occassional alcohol consumption

  2. Moderate alcohol consumption

  3. Chronic alcohol consumption

  4. Insufficient alcohol consumption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cardiomyopathy is a disease of abnormal heart muscle. The heart becomes enlarged ann it is harder for the heart to pump and deliver blood to the rest of the body. The excessive consumption of alcohol is one of the causes of cardiomyopathy.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Continuous and excessive intake of alcohol causes

  1. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

  2. Fatty liver

  3. Cirrhosis and hypertension

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Laenec syndrome is Laennec cirrhosis which is a disease of the liver in which the normal lobular architecture is lost.
Fatty liver syndrome is a reversible condition wherein large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells via the process of steatosis.
Cirrhosis is a stage of scarring/fibrosis of the liver caused by many liver diseases.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D), 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

Addiction to tobacco is mainly due to presence of

  1. Amphetamines

  2. Nicotine

  3. Tar

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nicotine is the primary addictive agent in cigarettes, chewing tobacco, cigars. Tobacco leads to nicotine dependence.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B), 'Nicotine.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Peripheral vascular disease is most common in smokers which can lead to

  1. Gangrene

  2. Thrombosis

  3. Embolism

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peripheral vascular disease is commonly used to refer to peripheral artery disease, meaning narrowing or occlusion by atherosclerotic plaques of arteries outside of the heart and brain.
Risk factors for peripheral artery disease include elevated blood cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension and smoking. Complications of peripheral artery disease include sores that do not heal, ulcers, gangrene or infections in the extremities. A peripheral vascular disease that affects the veins include deep vein thrombosis, varicose veins. Pulmonary embolism is also caused by the blood clot due to peripheral vascular disease.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Alcoholism leads to

  1. Amnesia

  2. Lung-damage

  3. Cancer

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholism causes amnesia. The person drinks, does things and cannot remember them afterwards.

Essentially, amnesia is loss of memory. The memory can be either wholly or partially lost due to the extent of damage that was caused. There are two main types of amnesia, retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Effects of alcohol on human body includes

  1. Increased blood sugar level

  2. Fatty liver syndrome

  3. Amnesia

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholism causes amnesia. The person drinks, does things and cannot remember them afterwards.
Alcohol can cause blood glucose levels to rise or fall, depending on how much you drink.
Fatty liver syndrome results from the deposition of fats in liver cells resulting from the consumption of alcohol.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Alcohol addiction is harmful because it causes

  1. Protein deposition in liver

  2. Deposition of extra fat in liver

  3. Rise in blood sugar level

  4. Cancer

  5. Both B and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Alcoholism is a condition of taking excess alcohol at a time or frequently. This addiction can lead to damage to brain (like the mood change), heart ( strokes and high blood pressure), liver ( steatosis means excessive deposition of fat in the liver and causes fatty liver), and also causes cancer like throat, mouth and liver. Thus, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Dilation of blood vessels, increase in fat synthesis, low blood sugar and inflammation of stomach are due to the consumption of

  1. Tobacco

  2. Drug addiction

  3. Alcohol

  4. Tobacco and drug addiction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Long-term alcohol abuse poses great dangers to an alcoholic's physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual health. In addition to serious ramifications for the user's career, family and friends, alcoholism can cause irreversible damage to critical organs and body systems such as dilation of blood vessels, an increase in fat synthesis, low blood sugar and inflammation of the stomach. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Consumption of alcohol leads to

  1. Acetaldehyde accumulation in liver

  2. Fat synthesis in liver

  3. Lowering of blood glucose level

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Consumption of alcohol leads to accumulation of acetaldehyde in liver which causes hangover. Unpleasant physical and mental effects occur in body due to hangover.
Alcohol consumption also leads to fatty liver syndrome in which there is build-up of fat in liver. Gradually the liver hardens and dries up. The healthy cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissue. This leads to build up of scar tissue in liver and leads to cirrhosis.
Alcoholism reduces the level of sugar in blood and cause hypoglycaemia.
Hence, all options are correct. So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Constipation occurs due to

  1. Colon cancer

  2. Eating disorder

  3. Hypothyroidism

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Constipation is a condition of the digestive system where an individual has hard feces that are difficult to expel. Mostly, it occurs due to high water absorption from the food present in the colon. Other cause may include colon cancer, eating disorder hypothyroidism, certain medication and ageing.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Jaundice is due to 

  1. Excessive intake of curcuma

  2. Excessive intake of Sugar

  3. Pork

  4. Contaminated water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Jaundice is not a disease. It is a physical finding on an exam. It can be present in newborns if they have a rapid breakdown of blood or if they were born before their livers matured. It can happen when the bile duct gets blocked by a gallstone or a tumour of the pancreas. It can happen in many forms of liver disease. Among these is hepatitis A, a viral infection. It is spread by contaminated food or water. So jaundice can appear due to drinking water contaminated with the virus.


So, the correct option is 'Contaminated water'.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Which of the following are the causes of indigestion?

  1. Anxiety

  2. Food poisoning

  3. Over eating

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Anxiety, food poisoning and over-eating are the causes of indigestion. So, the correct answer is (d).