Biology · General Awareness

Diseases and Health Risk Factors

2,602 Questions

Diseases and health risk factors examine the intrinsic and environmental causes of human illnesses. This includes common cancers, heart conditions, and substance abuse indicators. These topics are essential for biology papers in medical entrance and civil services examinations.

Cancer risk factorsSubstance abuse indicatorsIntrinsic disease factorsHeart disease risksInfant mortality causesChronic health conditions

Diseases and Health Risk Factors Questions

Multiple choice

All of the following are caused as a result of malfunctioning of body organs except

  1. myopia

  2. kidney failure

  3. cardiac failure

  4. hemophilia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in genes responsible for blood clotting factors, not by the malfunctioning of an organ. Myopia, kidney failure, and cardiac failure are all conditions resulting from the improper function of specific body organs or systems.

Multiple choice
Some scientists have claimed that virtually all the cases of Cancer occur due to the presence of bad genes in the body of those persons, while many other are of belief that a significant portion of Cancer cases represent those who have unhealthy lifestyle and incorrect diet habits. In fact we cannot ignore that most of the cases of blood cancer are attributed to the presence of bad genes affecting the blood stream, on other hand case of mouth cancer is universally attributed to chewing tobacco and smoking. What cannot yet be determined is the relative importance of each of the attributed factors, which cause cancer.
Which of the following best expresses the author's main point?

  1. Cancer is a result of both presence of bad genes and unhealthy lifestyle.

  2. Cancer is a disease which can occur randomly in all individuals.

  3. The primary cause of Cancer is the direct result of bad genes present in human body.

  4. The cause of Cancer varies from one category of Cancer to another.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The author illustrates both the factors causing Cancer and explains them in context to different kinds of Cancer disease and later states his view that neither bad genes nor unhealthy lifestyle can be discounted in the cases of Cancer in humans. He must therefore believe that (A) they both affect a person health in context to Cancer, although he says he doesn't know which is more important.

Multiple choice

What is the cause of asthma?

  1. Spasm in bronchial muscles

  2. Infection of lungs

  3. Infection of trachea

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Asthma is a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing.

Multiple choice

Heart attack is caused due to

  1. Cholesterol

  2. Blood sugar

  3. Blood urea

  4. Blood protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cholesterol helps your body build new cells, insulate nerves, and produce hormones. Normally, the liver makes all the cholesterol the body needs. But cholesterol also enters your body from food, such as animal-based foods like milk, eggs, and meat. Too much cholesterol in your body is a major risk factor for heart disease. 

Multiple choice

Human cells become more susceptible to cancer because of

Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.

Recent research indicates that proper diet may help to reduce the risk of cancer. Since cancer develops over a long-time, typically decades, one has time to hinder or promote it. Certain foods can block the chemicals that initiate cancer. Anti-oxidants found in some vitamins and minerals can snuff out oxygen-free radicals, which are thought to make cells susceptible to cancer. They can even repair some of the cellular damage that has been done. Wheat bran, for example has been shown to shrink preconscious cells. One of the most studied anti-oxidants in vegetables and a fruit is beta-carotene concentrated in deep green, yellow and orange vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes and spinach, fruits such as apricots and muskmelons. Betacarotene has a direct toxic effect on cells that form malignant tumors. Inside the body, it changes to retinoic acid used in the treatment of cancer. A simple rule is that darker the vegetable more is the anti-oxidant within. Vegetables such as cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli reduce the risk of breast cancer. Soybeans contain at least five compounds believed to inhibit cancer. Wheat bran lowers the risk of colon cancer. The ideal diet is low in fat and calories, high in fibre and includes a variety of nutrients—rich foods like fruits, vegetables, beans, seeds and nuts.

  1. oxygen-free radicals

  2. anti-oxidants

  3. vitamins and minerals

  4. cellular malfunctioning
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lines 4-5 of the passage.

Multiple choice

Peanuts are among the most common allergy-causing foods for human beings. Which one of the following statements is false for peanut allergy?

  1. Peanut allergy is an example of immediate hypersensitivity.

  2. Atopy is a risk factor in peanut allergy.

  3. Anaphylaxis can occur on first exposure.

  4. IgG is believed to be centrally involved in anaphylaxis to peanut antigens.

  5. Self administered adrenaline can be life saving.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peanut allergy is an example of an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity.

Multiple choice

The main cause of hip fracture is

  1. UTI

  2. Hyperlipidaemia

  3. PID

  4. Osteoporosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Osteoporosis is the main cause of hip fracture. From about 35 years of age, you gradually lose bone density. This is a normal part of ageing, but for some people it can lead to osteoporosis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

  1. Carcinoma refers to benign tumours of the connective tissue.

  2. Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is a viral disease.

  3. Alzheimer disease in humans is associated with the deficiency of acetylcholine.

  4. Cirrhosis of liver is caused by the chronic intake of alcohol.

  5. Parkinson’s disease is caused due to degeneration of dopamine releasing neurons.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carcinoma refers to malignant tumours of the skin or mucous membrane.