Biology ยท General Awareness

Diseases and Health Risk Factors

2,629 Questions

Diseases and health risk factors examine the intrinsic and environmental causes of human illnesses. This includes common cancers, heart conditions, and substance abuse indicators. These topics are essential for biology papers in medical entrance and civil services examinations.

Cancer risk factorsSubstance abuse indicatorsIntrinsic disease factorsHeart disease risksInfant mortality causesChronic health conditions

Diseases and Health Risk Factors Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cause of malnutrition in older adults?

  1. Poor appetite

  2. Difficulty chewing or swallowing

  3. Social isolation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Poor appetite, difficulty chewing or swallowing, and social isolation are all common causes of malnutrition in older adults.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common type of arthritis in older adults?

  1. Osteoarthritis

  2. Rheumatoid arthritis

  3. Gout

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout are all common types of arthritis in older adults.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cause of hearing loss in older adults?

  1. Presbycusis

  2. Noise-induced hearing loss

  3. Meniere's disease

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Presbycusis, noise-induced hearing loss, and Meniere's disease are all common causes of hearing loss in older adults.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cause of urinary incontinence in older adults?

  1. Weak pelvic floor muscles

  2. Overactive bladder

  3. Urinary tract infection

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Weak pelvic floor muscles, overactive bladder, and urinary tract infection are all common causes of urinary incontinence in older adults.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cause of fecal incontinence in older adults?

  1. Weak anal sphincter muscles

  2. Diarrhea

  3. Constipation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Weak anal sphincter muscles, diarrhea, and constipation are all common causes of fecal incontinence in older adults.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for psychotic disorders?

  1. Family history of psychosis

  2. Prenatal exposure to toxins

  3. Childhood trauma

  4. Substance abuse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Substance abuse is not a risk factor for psychotic disorders, but rather a cause of substance-induced psychotic disorder.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cause of hearing impairment in old age?

  1. Presbycusis

  2. Otosclerosis

  3. Meniere's disease

  4. Acoustic neuroma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Presbycusis is a gradual loss of hearing that occurs with age.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for vision or hearing impairment in old age?

  1. Smoking

  2. Obesity

  3. Diabetes

  4. Regular exercise
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Regular exercise is not a risk factor for vision or hearing impairment in old age.

Multiple choice

What is the most common type of autoimmune disease?

  1. Rheumatoid arthritis

  2. Type 1 diabetes

  3. Multiple sclerosis

  4. Lupus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common type of autoimmune disease, affecting approximately 1% of the population.

Multiple choice

What is the most common cause of cavities in children?

  1. Eating sugary foods and drinks

  2. Not brushing and flossing regularly

  3. Dry mouth

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cavities in children are most commonly caused by a combination of eating sugary foods and drinks, not brushing and flossing regularly, and dry mouth.

Multiple choice

What were the most common causes of death in medieval battles?

  1. Wounds from weapons

  2. Disease

  3. Starvation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The most common causes of death in medieval battles were wounds from weapons, disease, and starvation.

Multiple choice

What is the leading cause of death globally?

  1. Heart disease

  2. Stroke

  3. Cancer

  4. Lower respiratory infections
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

According to the World Health Organization, lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis, are the leading cause of death globally.

Multiple choice

What is the most common type of patient safety risk?

  1. Medication errors

  2. Surgical errors

  3. Patient falls

  4. Hospital-acquired infections
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Medication errors are the most common type of patient safety risk, accounting for a significant proportion of preventable patient harm.

Multiple choice

What is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss?

  1. Earwax buildup.

  2. Otitis media.

  3. Perforated eardrum.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Earwax buildup, otitis media, and perforated eardrum are all common causes of conductive hearing loss. Earwax buildup can block the ear canal, preventing sound waves from reaching the eardrum. Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear that can cause fluid to build up behind the eardrum, also preventing sound waves from reaching the eardrum. A perforated eardrum is a hole in the eardrum that can also prevent sound waves from reaching the eardrum.

Multiple choice

What is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss?

  1. Aging.

  2. Noise exposure.

  3. Ototoxic medications.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Aging, noise exposure, and ototoxic medications are all common causes of sensorineural hearing loss. Aging is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss, with approximately one-third of people over the age of 65 experiencing some degree of hearing loss. Noise exposure can also cause sensorineural hearing loss, especially if the noise is loud and prolonged. Ototoxic medications are medications that can damage the hair cells in the inner ear, leading to sensorineural hearing loss.